Modeling of an Upper-Convected-Maxwell fluid hammer phenomenon in the pipe system

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Civil Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran

2 Mechanic Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran

3 Civil Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran

Abstract

In this paper, the occurrence of water hammer phenomenon is examined in a situation that instead of water, an upper-convected-Maxwell fluid flows in a pipe system. This phenomenon is called an “upper-convected-Maxwell fluid hammer”. This expression relates to the transients of Maxwell fluid caused by the sudden alteration in the conditions of flow. Upper-convected-Maxwell fluids are a kind of non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluids. The properties of this group of fluids lead to their different behaviour during fluid hammer phenomenon compared to Newtonian fluids. The system studied is a valve- horizontal pipe and reservoir. The equations representing the conservation of mass and momentum govern the transitional flow in the pipe system. The numerical method used is a two-step variant of the Lax-Friedrichs (LxF) method. Firstly, the non-dimensional form of governing equations is defined, then, the effect of Deborah and Reynolds numbers on pressure historic is investigated. The results revealed that increasing Deborah number, indicating the elasticity of the polymer, increases the oscillation height and consequently attenuation time of the transient flow becomes longer. It was also found that in low Reynolds, in a Newtonian fluid, ‘‘line packing phenomenon’’effect is observed only at the first time period but in UCM fluid the effect of this phenomenon continues to more time periods and damping time becomes longer.

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AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 1
Winter 2020
Pages 31-40

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