Design of AI based Autonomous Navigation System Using Swarm Intelligence Techniques for Agriculture Application

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, G H Raisoni College of Engineering Nagpur 440016, India

2 Department of Civil Engineering, G H Raisoni College of Engineering Nagpur 440016, India

3 Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering , KDK College of Engineering Nagpur 440024, India

Abstract

Agriculture in developing regions still depends heavily on manual labor and low-precision tools, resulting in low efficiency and high resource usage. This paper presents the design of an AI-based Autonomous Navigation System using Swarm Intelligence (SI) for smart farming. The proposed system integrates Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithms with Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) to achieve cooperative navigation among multiple agricultural robots. The hybrid AI–SI framework enables dynamic obstacle avoidance, decentralized decision-making, and adaptive path planning under uncertain field conditions. Simulation and semi-field experiments demonstrate that the system improves navigation accuracy by 35 %, obstacle-avoidance success by 22 %, and reduces energy consumption by 15 % compared with conventional techniques. The study provides a novel contribution by fusing AI reasoning with swarm-based collaboration for reliable, energy-efficient, and scalable autonomous farming.Agricultural automation faces challenges such as unpredictable terrain, labor shortages, and inefficient resource utilization. This research introduces an AI-based Autonomous Navigation System using Swarm Intelligence (SI) designed for agricultural applications. The proposed system integrates Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) with Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) to achieve real-time cooperative path planning, obstacle avoidance, and field coverage. The novelty of this work lies in combining AI reasoning and swarm coordination to o

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AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Volume 10, Issue 1
January 2026
Pages 123-136

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