Analysis and Optimization of Mining Truck Operation Based on the Driver Whole Body Vibration

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Mining Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran

2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

The present paper studies the whole body vibration of a three-axle dump truck during
various operational conditions in Zonuz Kaolin Mine of Iran. At first, the root mean square of vibrations
at different speeds, as well as in payloads and distribution qualities of materials in the truck dump body
and also on different haul road qualities are experimentally obtained. Then, the vibrational health risk
in all operational conditions is statistically analyzed based on ISO 2631-1 standard. As a result of this
analysis, an optimization problem is constructed and solved to obtain the optimum operating conditions
of the truck. In the proposed problem, at first, regression analysis in terms of RMS of vibrations
and truck speed is applied. Then, the total RMS at the consequential working phases of the truck is
minimized in the presence of some constraints related to the health risk and productivity levels. Solving
the proposed constrained optimization problem determines the optimum payload and truck speed in
various conditions to keep materials hauling at the lowest possible vibrational health risk level while the
mine productivity at the planned level remains.

Highlights

[1] M.J. Grffin, Handbook of human vibration, Academic press, (2012) 28-42.

[2] S. Kumar, Vibration in operating heavy haul trucks in overburden mining, Applied Ergonomics, 35(6) (2004) 509-520.

[3] M.P.H. Smets, T.R. Eger, S.G. Greiner, Whole-body vibration experienced by haulage truck operators in surface mining operations: a comparison of various analysis methods utilized in the prediction of health risks, Applied Ergonomics, 41(6) (2010) 763-770.

[4] S. Frimpong, G. Galecki, Z. Chang, Dump truck operator vibration control in high-impact shovel loading operations, International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 25(3) (2011) 213-225.

[5] Y.H. Shen, M. Xu, C. Jin, Y. Gao, F.L. Wei, Operator health risk evaluation of off-highway dump truck under shovel loading condition, Journal of Central South University, 22 (2015) 2655-2664.

[6] M.J. Rahimdel, M. Mirzaei, J. Sattarvand, B. Ghodrati, H. Mirzaei Nasirabad, Artificial neural network to predict the health risk caused by whole body vibration of mining trucks, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Vibration and Acoustics, 3(1) (2017) 1-14.

[7] M.J. Rahimdel, M. Mirzaei, J. Sattarvand, S.H. Hoseinie, Health risk analysis of the imposed vibrations to mining trucks, The 4th International Reliability Engineering Conference, 2016.

[8] J. Sattarvand, M.J. Rahimdel, M. Mirzaei, Artificial Neural Network to Predict Whole Body Vibration in Mining Truck, Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration- SME and Annual Meeting and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, 2017.

[9] T. Eger, J. Stevenson, J.P. Callaghan, S. Grenier, Predictions of health risks associated with the operation of load-haul-dump mining vehicles: Part 2—Evaluation of operator driving postures and associated postural loading, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38(9) (2008) 801-815.

[10] T. Eger, J.M. Stevenson, S. Grenier, P.É. Boileau, M.P. Smets, Influence of vehicle size, haulage capacity and ride control on vibration exposure and pre-dicted health risks for LHD vehicle operators, Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration & Active Control, 30(1) (2011) 45-62.

[11] B.B. Mandal, A.K. Pal, P.K. Sishodiya, Vibration characteristics of mining equipment used in Indian mines and their vibration hazard potential, International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering, 2(1) (2013) 45.

[12] D.K. Chaudhary, A. Bhattacherjee, A. Patra, Analysis of Whole-Body Vibration Exposure of Drill Machine Operators in Open Pit Iron Ore Mines, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 11 (2015) 524-530.

[13] B.B. Mandal, A.K. Srivastava, Musculoskeletal disorders in dumper operators exposed to whole body vibration at Indian mines, International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 24(3) (2010) 233-243.

[14] B.B. Mandal, K. Sarkar, V. Manwar, A study of vibration exposure and work practices of Loader and Dozer operators in opencast mines, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2(2) (2012) 3-7.

[15] V. Dentoni, G. Massacci, Occupational exposure to whole-body vibration: unfavourable effects due to the use of old earth-moving machinery in mine reclamation, International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 27(2) (2013) 127-142.

[16] N.J. Mansfield, G.S. Newell, L. Notini, Earth moving machine whole-body vibration and the contribution of sub-1Hz components to ISO 2631-1 metrics, Industrial health, 47(4) (2009) 402-410.

[17] D.K. Chaudhary, A. Bhattacherjee, A.K. Patra, N. Chau, Whole-body Vibration exposure of drill operators in iron ore mines and role of machine-related, individual, and rock-related factors, Safety and Health at Work, 6(4) (2015) 268-278.

[18] R. Wolfgang, R. Burgess-Limerick, Whole-body vibration exposure of haul truck drivers at a surface coal mine, Applied Ergonomics, 45(6) (2014) 1700-1704.

[19] ISO 2631-1, Mechanical Vibration and Shock: Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole-body Vibration. Part 1, General Requirements, International Standard ISO 2631-1, (E) 1997.

[20] B.M.F. Gary, L. Ardrie, Bad vibrations: A handbook on whole body vibration exposure in mining, Joint Coal Board Health and Safety Trust 2001.

[21] L.U.S. Guide, Lingo-User’s Guide, LINDO SYSTEM INC., Chicago 2010.

Keywords

References

[1] M.J. Grffin, Handbook of human vibration, Academic press, (2012) 28-42.
[2] S. Kumar, Vibration in operating heavy haul trucks in overburden mining, Applied Ergonomics, 35(6) (2004) 509-520.
[3] M.P.H. Smets, T.R. Eger, S.G. Greiner, Whole-body vibration experienced by haulage truck operators in surface mining operations: a comparison of various analysis methods utilized in the prediction of health risks, Applied Ergonomics, 41(6) (2010) 763-770.
[4] S. Frimpong, G. Galecki, Z. Chang, Dump truck operator vibration control in high-impact shovel loading operations, International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 25(3) (2011) 213-225.
[5] Y.H. Shen, M. Xu, C. Jin, Y. Gao, F.L. Wei, Operator health risk evaluation of off-highway dump truck under shovel loading condition, Journal of Central South University, 22 (2015) 2655-2664.
[6] M.J. Rahimdel, M. Mirzaei, J. Sattarvand, B. Ghodrati, H. Mirzaei Nasirabad, Artificial neural network to predict the health risk caused by whole body vibration of mining trucks, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Vibration and Acoustics, 3(1) (2017) 1-14.
[7] M.J. Rahimdel, M. Mirzaei, J. Sattarvand, S.H. Hoseinie, Health risk analysis of the imposed vibrations to mining trucks, The 4th International Reliability Engineering Conference, 2016.
[8] J. Sattarvand, M.J. Rahimdel, M. Mirzaei, Artificial Neural Network to Predict Whole Body Vibration in Mining Truck, Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration- SME and Annual Meeting and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, 2017.
[9] T. Eger, J. Stevenson, J.P. Callaghan, S. Grenier, Predictions of health risks associated with the operation of load-haul-dump mining vehicles: Part 2—Evaluation of operator driving postures and associated postural loading, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 38(9) (2008) 801-815.
[10] T. Eger, J.M. Stevenson, S. Grenier, P.É. Boileau, M.P. Smets, Influence of vehicle size, haulage capacity and ride control on vibration exposure and pre-dicted health risks for LHD vehicle operators, Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration & Active Control, 30(1) (2011) 45-62.
[11] B.B. Mandal, A.K. Pal, P.K. Sishodiya, Vibration characteristics of mining equipment used in Indian mines and their vibration hazard potential, International Journal of Environmental Health Engineering, 2(1) (2013) 45.
[12] D.K. Chaudhary, A. Bhattacherjee, A. Patra, Analysis of Whole-Body Vibration Exposure of Drill Machine Operators in Open Pit Iron Ore Mines, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 11 (2015) 524-530.
[13] B.B. Mandal, A.K. Srivastava, Musculoskeletal disorders in dumper operators exposed to whole body vibration at Indian mines, International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 24(3) (2010) 233-243.
[14] B.B. Mandal, K. Sarkar, V. Manwar, A study of vibration exposure and work practices of Loader and Dozer operators in opencast mines, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2(2) (2012) 3-7.
[15] V. Dentoni, G. Massacci, Occupational exposure to whole-body vibration: unfavourable effects due to the use of old earth-moving machinery in mine reclamation, International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 27(2) (2013) 127-142.
[16] N.J. Mansfield, G.S. Newell, L. Notini, Earth moving machine whole-body vibration and the contribution of sub-1Hz components to ISO 2631-1 metrics, Industrial health, 47(4) (2009) 402-410.
[17] D.K. Chaudhary, A. Bhattacherjee, A.K. Patra, N. Chau, Whole-body Vibration exposure of drill operators in iron ore mines and role of machine-related, individual, and rock-related factors, Safety and Health at Work, 6(4) (2015) 268-278.
[18] R. Wolfgang, R. Burgess-Limerick, Whole-body vibration exposure of haul truck drivers at a surface coal mine, Applied Ergonomics, 45(6) (2014) 1700-1704.
[19] ISO 2631-1, Mechanical Vibration and Shock: Evaluation of Human Exposure to Whole-body Vibration. Part 1, General Requirements, International Standard ISO 2631-1, (E) 1997.
[20] B.M.F. Gary, L. Ardrie, Bad vibrations: A handbook on whole body vibration exposure in mining, Joint Coal Board Health and Safety Trust 2001.
[21] L.U.S. Guide, Lingo-User’s Guide, LINDO SYSTEM INC., Chicago 2010.
AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Volume 1, Issue 2
December 2017
Pages 169-178

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