Amirkabir University of Technology AUT Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2588-2937 9 4 2025 10 01 The Role of Fresh Air Nozzle Orientation and Warehouse Dimensions in Modulating Airflow and Temperature in Pharmaceutical Warehouses: A Comparative Study 343 356 5741 10.22060/ajme.2025.23826.6160 EN Hamed Safikhani Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Iran Somayeh Davoodabadi Farahani School of Mechanical Engineering, Arak University of Technology, Arak, Iran Hadi Bagheri Haghighi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Iran Journal Article 2025 01 09 This study investigates the effects of fresh air inlet angle, warehouse height, and shelf occupancy on airflow and temperature distribution in pharmaceutical warehouses through parametric and multi-objective optimization analyses. A two-dimensional model of the warehouse is developed and analyzed using Computational Fluid Dynamics via ANSYS Fluent software. Results indicate that increasing the warehouse height from 3 to 5 and 7 meters leads to reductions in average temperature by 1.4% and 2.2%, respectively, and temperature variation by approximately 32% and 42.2%. Lower shelf occupancy provides the most favorable thermal conditions, while medium occupancy results in the poorest performance in terms of both average temperature and uniformity. As the air inlet angle increases from vertical, temperature rises and uniformity deteriorates. Horizontally, shelves farther from the symmetry axis exhibit higher temperatures and less uniformity. Vertically, middle shelves show better thermal performance than upper or lower ones. Additionally, increasing the warehouse height reduces average air velocity. Optimization results reveal the best configuration by balancing temperature and its uniformity. These findings provide insights into improving the thermal environment of pharmaceutical storage spaces to preserve drug quality and reduce energy consumption, guiding design improvements for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning systems in such facilities. https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_5741_8ae6b607b16d97cda87ee292c80dc3e9.pdf