ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Stall Margin Improvement and Increase Pressure Ratio in Transonic Axial Compressor Using Circumferential Groove Casing Treatment
Maximum pressure ratio and aerodynamic blades loading are the most important factors in designing axial compressor restricted by minimum airflow. The present work aims to stall margin and total pressure ratio in transonic axial compressor using circumferential groove casing treatment (CGCT). In the first step, untreated compressor was simulated, compared, and agreed well with the experimental data. Then the treated rotor was simulated and results indicated that using CGCT improves the stall margin and increases the rotor pressure ratio. Stall margin was improved by 8% and the pressure ratio before stall condition and at the design point increased by 2.6% and 2.8 %, respectively. Additionally, it replaces normal shock with oblique shock near instability, causing less total pressure drop, moreover, the oblique shocks occurrence restricts separation zones and assists the rotor to perform far from instability. Furthermore, axial speed passing through rotor in a certain mass flow increases by 15 m/s, and then kinetic energy and stability increased. However, total efficiency of rotor reduces near 1%. In the last step, engine was analyzed with the aid of cycle analysis and leads to 62kW increase in shaft power as well as 1.87 g/kNs less fuel consumption due to 2.8% increase in the rotor pressure ratio.
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3365_bec88b4afa5c32d32dfea41740fd9cf0.pdf
2020-03-01
3
16
10.22060/ajme.2019.14840.5746
Transonic axial compressor
Circumferential groove casing treatment
Stall margin
EFFICIENCY
Alireza
Jafar Gholi Beik
jafargholibeik@jsu.ac.ir
1
Energy exchange, Mech. Eng. Dept., Jundi Shapor University of Technology, Dezful, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyed Hosein
Torabi
htorabi@mail.kntu.ac.ir
2
Aerospace. Eng. Dept., Khaje Nasir Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Hassan
Basirat Tabrizi
hbasirat@aut.ac.ir
3
Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)*mechanical engineering
AUTHOR
[1] H.W.P. Emmons, C.E. Grant, H.P. , Compressor surge and stall propagation, Transaction of the ASME, 77 (1955) 455-469.
1
[2] E.M. Greitzer, Surge and Rotating Stall in Axial Flow Compressors—Part I: Theoretical Compression System Model, Journal of Engineering for Power, 98(2) (1976) 190-198.
2
[3] J.J. Adamczyk, M.L. Celestina, E.M. Greitzer, Closure to “Discussions of ‘The Role of Tip Clearance in High-Speed Fan Stall’” (1993, ASME J. Turbomach., 115, p. 39), Journal of Turbomachinery, 115(1) (1993) 39-39.
3
[4] D.A. Hoying, C.S. Tan, H.D. Vo, E.M. Greitzer, Role of Blade Passage Flow Structurs in Axial Compressor Rotating Stall Inception, Journal of Turbomachinery, 121(4) (1999) 735-742.
4
[5] I. Wilke, H.P. Kau, A Numerical Investigation of the Flow Mechanisms in a HPC Front Stage With Axial Slots, (36894) (2003) 465-477.
5
[6] H.D. Vo, C.S. Tan, E.M. Greitzer, Criteria for Spike Initiated Rotating Stall, (47306) (2005) 155-165.
6
[7] C. Hah, J.r. Bergner, H.-P. Schiffer, Short Length-Scale Rotating Stall Inception in a Transonic Axial Compressor: Criteria and Mechanisms, (4241X) (2006) 61-70.
7
[8] R. Davis, J. Yao, Axial Compressor Rotor Flow Structure at Stall-Inception, in: 44th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006.
8
[9] C. Hah, J.r. Bergner, H.-P. Schiffer, Rotating Instability in a Transonic Compressor Rotor, in: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON AIR BREATHING ENGINES, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, China, 2007, pp. 152.
9
[10] X. Lu, J. Zhu, C. Nie, W. Huang, The Stability-Limiting Flow Mechanisms in a Subsonic Axial-Flow Compressor and Its Passive Control With Casing Treatment, (43161) (2008) 33-43.
10
[11] A. Shabbir, J.J. Adamczyk, Flow Mechanism for Stall Margin Improvement due to Circumferential Casing Grooves on Axial Compressors, Journal of Turbomachinery, 127(4) (2004) 708-717.
11
[12] X. Lu, J. Zhu, W. Chu, Numerical and experimental investigation of stepped tip gap effects on a subsonic axial-flow compressor rotor, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, 219(8) (2005) 605-615.
12
[13] I. Wilke, H.P. Kau, G. Brignole, Numerically Aided Design of a High-Efficient Casing Treatment for a Transonic Compressor, (47306) (2005) 353-364.
13
[14] X. Lu, W. Chu, J. Zhu, Y. Wu, Mechanism of the Interaction Between Casing Treatment and Tip Leakage Flow in a Subsonic Axial Compressor, (4241X) (2006) 79-90.
14
[15] X. Lu, W. Chu, J. Zhu, Y. Wu, Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Subsonic Compressor With Bend Skewed Slot Casing Treatment, (4241X) (2006) 49-59.
15
[16] X. Lu, W. Chu, J. Zhu, Z. Tong, Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Steady Micro-Tip Injection on a Subsonic Axial-Flow Compressor Rotor %J International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2006 (2006) 11.
16
[17] A.M.T. Ghila, A. Tourlidakis, Unsteady Simulations of Recess Casing Treatment in Axial Flow Fans, in: ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air, ASME, 2006.
17
[18] R. Emmrich, H. Hönen, R. Niehuis, Time Resolved Investigations of an Axial Compressor With Casing Treatment: Part 1 — Experiment, (47950) (2007) 189-198.
18
[19] M.W. Müller, H.-P. Schiffer, C. Hah, Effect of Circumferential Grooves on the Aerodynamic Performance of an Axial Single-Stage Transonic Compressor, (47950) (2007) 115-124.
19
[20] H. Jian, W. Hu, Numerical Investigation of Inlet Distortion on an Axial Flow Compressor Rotor with Circumferential Groove Casing Treatment, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 21(6) (2008) 496-505.
20
[21] X. Dong, X. Liu, D. Sun, X. Sun, Experimental investigation on SPS casing treatment with bias flow, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 27(6) (2014) 1352-1362.
21
[22] R. Taghavi-Zenouz, S. Abbasi, Alleviation of spike stall in axial compressors utilizing grooved casing treatment, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 28(3) (2015) 649-658.
22
[23] F. Li, J. Li, X. Dong, D. Sun, X. Sun, Influence of SPS casing treatment on axial flow compressor subjected to radial pressure distortion, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 30(2) (2017) 685-697.
23
[24] X. Xue, T. Wang, T. Zhang, B. Yang, Mechanism of stall and surge in a centrifugal compressor with a variable vaned diffuser, Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 31(6) (2018) 1222-1231.
24
[25] S. Kim, K. Kim, C. Son, Three-dimensional unsteady simulation of a multistage axial compressor with labyrinth seals and its effects on overall performance and flow characteristics, Aerospace Science and Technology, 86 (2019) 683-693.
25
[26] A.J. Crook, E.M. Greitzer, C.S. Tan, J.J. Adamczyk, Numerical Simulation of Compressor Endwall and Casing Treatment Flow Phenomena, Journal of Turbomachinery, 115(3) (1993) 501-512.
26
[27] L. Reid, R.D. Moore, Design and overall performance of four highly loaded, high speed inlet stages for an advanced high-pressure-ratio core compressor, (1978).
27
[28] A. Boretti, Experimental and computational analysis of a transonic compressor rotor, in: Proc. Of 17th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference, 2010, pp. 473-476.
28
[29] Ansys, ANSYS Workbench Inc, in, 2017.
29
[30] CATIA, in, 1992-2008.
30
[31] E.-S. F, Aircraft Propulsion And Gas Turbine Engines, CRC Press INC (2008).
31
[32] O.H.V. Mattingly J. D., Elements of Propulsion: Gas Turbines and Rockets, second ed, AIAA Education Serie, (2006).
32
[33] GasTurb, Fletcher Gas Turbine Performance, in, Blackwell Science Ltd, 1998.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Air Bubble Collapse in Non-Newtonian Medium with an Application in Biology
An unsteady compressible multiphase flow solver is developed and used to simulate shock-bubble interaction in a non-Newtonian fluid. A five-equation multiphase model that accounts for capillary and viscous effects is employed and discretized by finite volume methodology. Harten-Lax-Van Leer-contact Riemann solver is invoked to compute the convective fluxes and tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing interface sharpening scheme is applied to reduce the excessive diffusion at the interface. Multiple benchmark problems such as air-helium shock tube, shock cavity interaction, Rayleigh-Taylor instability and underwater explosion are probed to evaluate the performance and accuracy of this method. The results obtained compare well with the available experimental and numerical data. The developed solver is then used to study shock-interface interaction in both Newtonian and non-Newtonian mediums. Non-Newtonian liquid is resembling the blood modeled by Carreau-Yasuda constitutive equation. The obtained results show an expedition of bubble-collapse with a higher jet tip velocity in non-Newtonian medium compared to that in the Newtonian surrounding liquid. Moreover, a third phase adjacent to the bubble collapse is considered and the penetration depth of the re-entrant jet in the neighboring phase is studied as a measure of tissue injury. Our results show that by increasing post shock pressure, the re-entrant jet velocity and thus the penetration depth increases. Furthermore, increasing the adjacent phase viscosity results into less penetration depth in the tissue..
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3370_e86cd1c9602267a68b5b3e684a047bc3.pdf
2020-03-01
17
30
10.22060/ajme.2019.15087.5761
Compressible multiphase flow
Shockwave lithotripsy
Carreau-Yasuda model
Shock bubble interaction
Shahrokh
Boland
shahrokhboland@ut.ac.ir
1
University of Tehran
AUTHOR
Sahand
Majidi
s_majidi@sbu.ac.ir
2
Shahid Beheshti University
AUTHOR
Asghar
Afshari
afsharia@ut.ac.ir
3
University of Tehran*
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] R. Cooter, W. Babidge, K. Mutimer, Ultrasound-assistedlipoplasty, ANZ Journal of Surgery, 71(5) (2001) 309-317.
1
[2] D. Duscher, Z.N. Maan, A. Luan, M.M. Aitzetmüller,E.A. Brett, D. Atashroo, A.J. Whittam, M.S. Hu, G.G.Walmsley, H.-g. Machens, G.C. Gurtner, M.T. Longaker,D.C. Wan, Ultrasound-assisted liposuction providesa source for functional adipose-derived stromal cells,Cytotherapy, 19(12) (2017) 1491-1500.
2
[3] M. Brock, I. Ingwersen, W. Roggendorf, Ultrasonicaspiration in neurosurgery, Neurosurg Rev, 7(2-3) (1984)173-177.
3
[4] T. Sun, Y. Zhang, C. Power, P.M. Alexander, J.T. Sutton,M. Aryal, Closed-loop control of targeted ultrasound drug delivery across the blood – brain / tumor barriers in a ratglioma model, Proceedings of the National Academy ofSciences of the United States of America, 114(48) (2017)E10281-E10290.
4
[5] Y.-T. Wu, A. Adnan, Effect of Shock-Induced CavitationBubble Collapse on the damage in the SimulatedPerineuronal Net of the Brain, Scientific Reports, 7(1)(2017) 5323.
5
[6] H.B. Dick, T. Schultz, A Review of Laser-AssistedVersus Traditional Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery, Ophthalmology and Therapy, 6(1) (2017) 7-18.
6
[7] A.J. Coleman, J.E. Saunders, L.A. Crum, Acousticcavitation generated by an extracorporeal shockwavelithotripter, Ultrasound Med. Biol, 13(2) (1987) 69-76.
7
[8] S. Cao, Y. Zhang, Assessing the effect of lithotripter focal width on the fracture potential of stones in shockwavelithotripsy, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,141(5) (2017) 3718.
8
[9] M. Shim, M. Park, H.K. Park, The efficacy of performing shockwave lithotripsy before retrograde intrarenalsurgery in the treatment of multiple or large (≥1.5 cm) nephrolithiasis: A propensity score matched analysis, investigative and clinical urology, 58(1) (2017) 27-33.
9
[10] C.K. Turangan, G.J. Ball, A.R. Jamaluddin, T.G.Leighton, Numerical studies of cavitation erosion on anelastic – plastic material caused by shock-induced bubblecollapse Subject Areas, Proceedings of the Royal SocietyA: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences,473(2205) (2017) 20170315.
10
[11] D. Igra, O. Igra, Numerical investigation of theinteraction between a planar shock wave with square andtriangular bubbles containing different gases, Physics ofFluids, 30(5) (2018) 056104.
11
[12] R.O. Cleveland, M.R. Bailey, N. Fineberg, Design andcharacterization of a research electrohydraulic lithotripter patterned after the Dornier HM3, Rev. Sci. Instrum.,71(6) (2000) 2514-2525.
12
[13] V. Coralic, T. Colonius, Shock-induced collapse of abubble inside a deformable vessel, Eur J Mech B Fluids,40 (2013) 64-74.
13
[14] M.R. Bailey, Y.A. Pishchalnikov, Cavitation detectionduring shock-wave lithotripsy, Ultrasound Med. Biol.,31(9) (2005) 1245-1256.
14
[15] M. Lokhandwalla, B. Sturtevant, Fracture mechanicsmodel of stone comminution in ESWL and implicationsfor tissue damage, Phys. Med. Biol, 45(7) (2000) 1923-1940.
15
[16] L.A. Crum, Cavitation microjets as a contributorymechanism for renal calculi disintegration in ESWL, J.Urol., 140(6) (1988) 1587-1590.
16
[17] K.G. Wang, Multiphase Fluid-Solid Coupled Analysisof Shock-Bubble-Stone Interaction in ShockwaveLithotripsy, International Journal for Numerical Methodsin Biomedical Engineering, 33(10) (2017) cnm.2855.
17
[18] H. Chen, A. Brayman, M.R. Bailey, Blood vesselrupture by cavitation, Urol. Res, 38(4) (2010) 321-326.
18
[19] H. Chen, W. Kreider, A.A. Brayman, M.R. Bailey, T.J.Matula, Blood vessel deformations on microsecond timescales by ultrasonic cavitation, Physical Review Letters,106(3) (2011) 034301.
19
[20] C. Weber, M.E. Moran, E.J. Braun, Injury of rat renalvessels following extracorporeal shock wave treatment,J.Urology,, 147(2) (1992) 476-481.
20
[21] P. Zhang, Y.F. Zhu, S.L. Zhu, Dynamics of bubbleoscillation in constrained media and mechanisms ofvessel rupture in SWL., Ultrasound Med. Biol., 27(1)(2001) 119-134.
21
[22] Rayleigh, On the pressure developed in a liquid duringthe collapse of a spherical cavity, Phil. Mag., 34(200)(1917) 94-98.
22
[23] R. Hickling, M.S. Plesset, Collapse and rebound of aspherical bubble in water, Physics of Fluids, 7(1) (1964)7-14.
23
[24] M. Kornfeld, L. Suvorov, On the destructive action ofcavitation, Journal of Applied Physics, 15(6) (1944) 495-506.
24
[25] T.B. Benjamin, A.T. Ellis, The Collapse of CavitationBubbles and the Pressures thereby Produced against Solid Boundaries, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 260(1110) (1966) 221-240.
25
[26] C.D. Ohl, R. Ikink, Shock-Wave-Induced Jetting ofMicron-Size Bubbles, Physical Review Letters, 90(21)(2003) 214502.
26
[27] C.L. Kling, F.G. Hammitt, A Photographic Study ofSpark-Induced Cavitation Bubble Collapse, J. Basic Eng,94(4) (1972) 825-832.
27
[28] B.H.T. Goh, Y.D.A. Oh, E. Klaseboer, S.W. Ohl,B.C. Khoo, A low-voltage spark-discharge method forgeneration of consistent oscillating bubbles., Review ofScientific Instruments, 84(1) (2013) 014705.
28
[29] J.A. Cook, A.M. Gleeson, R.M. Roberts, R.L. Rogers,A spark-generated bubble model with semi-empiricalmass transport, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 101(4) (1997) 1908-1920.
29
[30] Y. Tomita, A. Shima, Mechanisms of impulsive pressure generation and damage pit formation by bubble collapse,J.Fluid Mech, 169 (1986) 535–564.
30
[31] T. Kodama, K.A.T. Takayama, Dynamic behavior ofbubbles during extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy,Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, 24(5) (1998) 723-738.
31
[32] S. Li, A.M. Zhang, R. Han, Y.Q. Liu, Experimental andnumerical study on bubble-sphere interaction near a rigidwall Experimental and numerical study on bubble-sphereinteraction near a rigid wall, Physics of Fluids, 29(9)(2017) 092102.
32
[33] M.S. Plesset, R.B. Chapman, Collapse of an initiallyspherical vapour cavity in the neighbourhood of a solidboundary, J. Fluid Mech, 47(2) (1971) 283–290.
33
[34] J.R. Blake, B.B. Taib, G. Doherty, Transient cavitiesnear boundaries. Part 1. Rigid boundary., J. Fluid Mech,170 (1986) 479–497.
34
[35] E. Klaseboer, C. Turangan, S.W. Fong, T.G. Liu,Simulations of pressure pulse-bubble interaction usingboundary element method, Comput. Methods Appl.Mech. Engrg, 195 (2006) 4287–4302.
35
[36] S. Popinet, S. Zaleski, Bubble collapse near a solidboundary: a numerical study of the influence of viscosity,Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 464 (2002) 137-163.
36
[37] G.J.J. Ball, B.P.P. Howell, T.G.G. Leighton, M.J.J.Schofield, Shock-induced collapse of a cylindrical aircavity in water: a Free-Lagrange simulation, ShockWaves, 10(4) (2000) 265-276.
37
[38] A.R. Jamaluddin, Free-lagrange simulations ofshock-bubble interaction in extracorporeal shock wavelithotripsy, University of Southampton, 2005.
38
[39] S.k. Hara, Dynamics of nonspherical bubbles surrounded by viscoelastic fluid, Journal of Non -Newtonian FluidMechanics, 14 (1984) 249-264.
39
[40] C. Kim, Collapse of spherical bubbles in Maxwellfluids, Journal of Non-Newtonian fluid Mechanic, 55(1)(1994) 37-58.
40
[41] E.A. Brujan, Y. Matsumoto, T. Ikeda, Dynamics ofultrasound-induced cavitation bubbles in non-Newtonianliquids and near a rigid boundary, Physics of Fluids,16(7) (2004) 2402.
41
[42] M.J. Walters, An Investigation into the Effects ofViscoelasticity on Cavitation Bubble Dynamics withApplications to Biomedicine, school of MathematicsCardiff University, 2015.
42
[43] S.J. Lind, T.N. Phillips, The influence ofviscoelasticity on the collapse of cavitation bubbles neara rigid boundary, Theoretical and Computational FluidDynamics, 26(1-4) (2012) 245–277.
43
[44] C. F.Rowlatt, S. J.Lind, Bubble collapse near a fluid-fluid interface using the spectral element marker particlemethod with applications in bioengineering, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 90 (2017) 118-143.
44
[45] A. Murrone, H. Guillard, A five equation reduced model for compressible two phase flow problems, Journal ofComputational Physics, 202(2) (2005) 664-698.
45
[46] F.H. Harlow, A.A. Amsden, Fluid dynamics: A LASLmonograph(Mathematical solutions for problems in fluiddynamics).
46
[47] L. Zhang, C. Yang, Z.S. Mao, Numerical simulation ofa bubble rising in shear-thinning fluids, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 165(11-12) (2010) 555-567.
47
[48] F. Toro, Riemann solvers and numerical methods forfluid dynamics, a practical introduction,Springer Science& Business Media, 2009.
48
[49] K.-M. Shyue, An Efficient Shock-Capturing Algorithmfor Compressible Multicomponent Problems, Journal ofComputational Physics, 142(1) (1998) 208-242.
49
[50] B. van Leer, Towards the ultimate conservativedifference scheme. V. A second-order sequel toGodunov’s method, Journal of Computational Physics,32(1) (1979) 101-136.
50
[51] K. So, X. Hu, N. Adams, Anti-Diffusion InterfaceSharpening Technique for Two Phase CompressibleFlow Simulations, J. Comput. Phys., 231(11) (2012)4304-4323.
51
[52] N.K. Bourne, J.E. Field, Shock-induced collapse ofsingle cavities in liquids, Journal of Fluid Mechanics,244 (1992) 225-240.
52
[53] H. Terashima, G. Tryggvason, A front-tracking/ghost-fluid method for fluid interfaces in compressible flows,Journal of Computational Physics, 228(11) (2009) 4012-4037.
53
[54] R.R. Nourgaliev, T.N. Dinh, T.G. Theofanous, Adaptive characteristics-based matching for compressiblemultifluid dynamics, Journal of Computational Physics,213(2) (2006) 500-529.
54
[55] W. Bo, J.w. Grove, A volume of fluid method basedghost fluid method for compressible multi-fluid flows,Computers and Fluids, 90 (2014) 113-122.
55
[56] S.S. Shibeshi, W.E. Collins, The Rheology of BloodFlow in a Branched Arterial System, Appl Rheol, 15(6)(2005) 398-405.
56
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Modeling of an Upper-Convected-Maxwell Fluid Hammer Phenomenon in Pipe System
In this paper, the occurrence of water hammer phenomenon is examined in a situation that instead of water, an upper-convected-Maxwell fluid flows in a pipe system. This phenomenon is called an upper-convected-Maxwell fluid hammer. This expression relates to transients of Maxwell fluid caused by the sudden alteration in the conditions of flow. Upper-convected-Maxwell fluids are a kind of non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluids. The system studied is a valve-horizontal pipe and reservoir. The equations representing the conservation of mass and momentum govern the transitional flow in the pipe system. The numerical method used is a two-step variant of the Lax-Friedrichs method. Firstly, the non-dimensional form of governing equations is defined, then, the effect of Deborah and Reynolds numbers on pressure historic is investigated. The results revealed that increasing Deborah number, indicating the elasticity of the polymer, increases the oscillation height and consequently attenuation time of the transient flow becomes longer. It was also found that in low Reynolds, in a Newtonian fluid, line packing phenomenon effect is observed only at the first time period but in upper convected Maxwell fluid the effect of this phenomenon continues to more time periods and damping time becomes longer.
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3405_62c9cf86d20b4dbd5feb498c8e98cc91.pdf
2020-03-01
31
40
10.22060/ajme.2019.15527.5778
Upper Convected Maxwell Model
Lax-Friedrichs (LxF) method
non Newtonian fluid Hammer
Banafsheh
Norouzi
hatami1355@yahoo.com
1
Civil Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
AUTHOR
ahmad
Ahmadi
a.ahmadi@shahroodut.ac.ir
2
Civil Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mahmood
Norouzi
m.norouzi@shahroodut.ac.ir
3
Mechanic Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohsen
LashkarBolook
mlbolok@iust.ac.ir
4
Civil Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] M.S. Ghidaoui, M. Zhao, D.A. McInnis, D.H. Axworthy, A review of water hammer theory and practice, Applied Mechanics Reviews, 58(1) (2005) 49-76.
1
[2] E.B. Wylie, V.L. Streeter, L. Suo, Fluid transients in systems, Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1993.
2
[3] W. Zielke, Frequency-dependent friction in transient pipe flow, Journal of basic engineering, 90(1) (1968) 109-115.
3
[4] A.E. Vardy, K.-L. Hwang, A characteristics model of transient friction in pipes, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 29(5) (1991) 669-684.
4
[5] A. Bergant, A. Ross Simpson, J. Vìtkovsk, Developments in unsteady pipe flow friction modelling, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 39(3) (2001) 249-257.
5
[6] B. Brunone, U. Golia, M. Greco, Some remarks on the momentum equation for fast transients, in: Proc. Int. Conf. on Hydr. Transients With Water Column Separation, 1991, pp. 201-209.
6
[7] M. Brunelli, Two-dimensional pipe model for laminar flow, Journal of fluids engineering, 127(3) (2005) 431-437.
7
[8] H. SHAMLOO, R. NOROOZ, M. MOUSAVIFARD, A review of one-dimensional unsteady friction models for transient pipe flow, Fen Bilimleri Dergisi (CFD), 36(3) (2015).
8
[9] A.E. Vardy, J.M. Brown, Transient, turbulent, smooth pipe friction, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 33(4) (1995) 435-456.
9
[10] A.K. Trikha, An efficient method for simulating frequency-dependent friction in transient liquid flow, Journal of Fluids Engineering, 97(1) (1975) 97-105.
10
[11] M. Zhao, Numerical solutions of quasi-two-dimensional models for laminar water hammer problems, Journal of Hydraulic Research, 54(3) (2016) 360-368.
11
[12] E. Wahba, Non-Newtonian fluid hammer in elastic circular pipes: Shear-thinning and shear-thickening effects, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 198 (2013) 24-30.
12
[13] S. Mora, M. Manna, From viscous fingering to elastic instabilities, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 173 (2012) 30-39.
13
[14] M. Darwish, J. Whiteman, M. Bevis, Numerical modelling of viscoelastic liquids using a finite-volume method, Journal of non-newtonian fluid mechanics, 45(3) (1992) 311-337.
14
[15] K. Missirlis, D. Assimacopoulos, E. Mitsoulis, A finite volume approach in the simulation of viscoelastic expansion flows, Journal of non-newtonian fluid mechanics, 78(2-3) (1998) 91-118.
15
[16] R. Poole, M. Alves, P.J. Oliveira, F.T.d. Pinho, Plane sudden expansion flows of viscoelastic liquids, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 146(1-3) (2007) 79-91.
16
[17] R.B. Bird, R.C. Armstrong, O. Hassager, Dynamics of polymeric liquids. Vol. 1: Fluid mechanics, (1987).
17
[18] E. Wahba, Modelling the attenuation of laminar fluid transients in piping systems, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 32(12) (2008) 2863-2871.
18
[19] E. Wahba, Runge–Kutta time-stepping schemes with TVD central differencing for the water hammer equations, International journal for numerical methods in fluids, 52(5) (2006) 571-590.
19
[20] J.C. Maxwell, The Scientific Letters and Papers of James Clerk Maxwell: 1846-1862, CUP Archive, 1990.
20
[21] L.F. Shampine, Two-step Lax–Friedrichs method, Applied Mathematics Letters, 18(10) (2005) 1134-1136.
21
[22] F. Khalighi, A. Ahmadi, A. Keramat, Investigation of Fluid-structure Interaction by Explicit Central Finite Difference Methods, Int. J. Eng. Trans. B Appl, 29 (2016) 590-598.
22
[23] E. Holmboe, W. Rouleau, The effect of viscous shear on transients in liquid lines, Journal of Basic Engineering, 89(1) (1967) 174-180.
23
[24] S. Mandani, M. Norouzi, M.M. Shahmardan, An experimental investigation on impact process of Boger drops onto solid surfaces, Korea-Australia Rheology Journal, 30(2) (2018) 99-108.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Geometry Shape Effects of Nanoparticles on Fluid Heat Transfer Through Porous Channel
In this paper the geometry effects of different nanoparticles such as cylindrical, spherical and lamina on heat transfer of fluid transported through contracting or expanding micro channel are considered. The nanofluid flow and heat transfer through the porous channel are described using mathematical models. Since the mathematical models are nonlinear in nature the homotopy perturbation method, an approximate analytical method is adopted to provide solution to the mathematical model. The fast convergence rate coupled with analytical procedural stability motivates the use of the homotopy perturbation method as the favored method in providing solutions to the system of coupled, higher order differentials.The obtained analytical solution is used to investigate the influence of particle shape of the nano sized materials on heat transfer of fluid flowing through a porous medium considering a uniform magnetic field. It is illustrated from results that lamina nanoparticle shape shows higher dimensionless temperature and thermal conductivity when compared with nano shaped particles of cylinder and sphere respectively due to variations in thermal boundary layers. Results obtained from this study prove useful in the advancement of science and technology including micro mixing, nanofluidics and energy conservation. Comparing obtained analytical solution with fourth order numerical solution, good agreement was established.
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3286_ac4f55ef87a961e25194351ff3f05c51.pdf
2020-03-01
41
50
10.22060/ajme.2019.14684.5738
heat transfer
Nanofluid
Porous channel
magnetic field
Homotopy Perturbation Method
AKINBOWALE
AKINSHILO
ta.akinshilo@gmail.com
1
DEPT. OF MECH. ENGR., UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS, NIGERIA.
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] A. Kargar, M. Akbarzade, Analytical solution of natural convection flow of a non-Newtonian fluid between two vertical parallel plates using the Homotopy Perturbation Method, World Applied Science Journal 20 (2002) 1459- 1465.
1
[2] O. Pourmehran, M. Rahimi-Gorji, M. Hatami, S.A.R. Sahebi, G. Domairry, Numerical optimization of microchannel heat sink (MCHS) performance cooled by KKL based nanofluids in saturated porous medium, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineering 55(2015) 49-68.
2
[3] S.E. Ghasemi, M. Hatami, A.K. Sarokalaine, D.D. Ganji, Study on blood flow containing nanoparticles through porous arteries in presence of magnetic field using analytical methods, Physica E: Low-dimensional System and Nanostructures 70 (2015) 146-156.
3
[4] M. Fakour, A. Vahabzadeh, D.D. Ganji, M. Hatami, Analytical study of micropolar fluid flow and heat transfer in a channel with permeable walls, Journal of Molecular Liquids 204(2015) 198-204.
4
[5] M. Hatami, D. Jing, Optimization of a lid-driven T-shaped porous cavity to improve the nanofluids mixed convection heat transfer, Journal of Molecular Liquids 231(2017) 620-631.
5
[6] S.E. Ghasemi, M. Hatami, G.H.R. Mehdizadeh Ahangar, D.D. Ganji, Electro hydrodynamic flow analysis in a circular cylindrical conduit using least square method, Journal of Electrostatics 72(2014) 47-52.
6
[7] M. Hatami, M.Sheikholeslami, G.Domairry, High accuracy analysis for motion of a spherical particle in plane Couette fluid flow by Multi-step Differential Transformation Method, Powder Technology 260(2014) 59-67.
7
[8] M. Hatami, D. Song, D.D. Jing, Optimization of a circular-wavy cavity filled by nanofluid under the natural convection heat transfer condition, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 98 (2016) 758-767.
8
[9] M. Hatami, D.D. Ganji, Motion of a spherical particle on a rotating parabola using Lagrangian and high accuracy multi-step differential transformation method, Powder Technology 258 (2014) 94-98.
9
[10] W. Tang, D. Jing, Natural convection heat transfer in a nanofluid-filled cavity with double sinusoidal wavy walls of various phase deviations, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 115 (2017) 430-440.
10
[11] M. Hatami, M. Sheikholeslami, D.D. Ganji, Nanofluid flow and heat transfer in an asymmetric porous channel with expanding or contracting wall, J. of Molecular Liquids 195 (2014) 230-239.
11
[12] S.U.S. Choi, Engineering thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles, Development and Application of Non-Newtonian Flows 66 (1995) 99-105.
12
[13] A.T. Akinshilo, Flow and heat transfer of nanofluid with injection through an expanding or contracting porous channel under magnetic force field, Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 21 (2018) 486- 494.
13
[14] M.G. Sobamowo, A.T. Akinshilo, On the analysis of squeezing flow of nanofluid between two parallel plates under the influence of magnetic field, Alexandria Engineering Journal 57 (2018) 1413-1423.
14
[15] W.A. Khan, A. Aziz, Double diffusive natural convection boundary layer flow in a porous medium saturated with a nanofluid over a vertical plate, prescribed surface heat, solute and nanofluid fluxes, International Journal of Thermal Science 50 (2011) 2154-2160.
15
[16] W.A. Khan, A. Aziz, Natural convective boundary layer flow over a vertical plate with uniform surface heat flux, International Journal of Thermal Science 50 (2011) 1207-1217.
16
[17] A.T. Akinshilo, J.O. Olofinkua, O. Olaye, Flow and Heat Transfer Analysis of Sodium Alginate Conveying Copper Nanoparticles between Two Parallel Plates, Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics 3 (2017) 258-266.
17
[18] M.R. Hashimi, T. Hayat, A. Alsaedi, On the analytic solutions for squeezing flow of nanofluids between parallel disks, Nonlinear Analysis Modeling and Control 17(4) (2014) 418-430.
18
[19] M. Sheikholeslami, M.K. Sadoughi, Mesocopic method for MHD nanofluid flow inside a porous cavity considering various shapes of nanoparticles, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 113 (2017) 106-114.
19
[20] E. Sourtiji, M. Gorji-Bandpy, D.D. Ganji, S.F. Hosseinizadeh, Numerical analysis of mixed convective heat transfer of Al2O3-water nanofluid in a ventilated cavity considering different positions of the outlet port, Powder Technology 262 (2014) 71-81.
20
[21] A. Albanese, P.S. Tang, W.C.W. Chan, The effect of nanoparticle size, shape and surface chemistry on biological systems, A. Reviews of Biomedical Engineering 14 (1) (2012) 1-16.
21
[22] J.L. Rodriguez-Lopez, J.M. Montejano-Carrizales, J.P. Palomares-Baez, M.J. Yacamas, Size effect and shapes stability of nanoparticles, Key Engineering Material 444(2010) 47-68.
22
[23] D.H. Jo, J.H. Kim, T.G. Lee, J.H. Kim, Size, surface charge and shape determine therapeutic effects of nanoparticles on brain and retinal diseases, Nanomedication: Nanotechnology Biology and Medicine 11 (7) (2015) 1603-1611.
23
[24] M. Sheikholeslami, M.M. Rashidi, D.M. Alsaad, F. Firouzi, H.B. Rokni, G. Domairry, Steady nanofluid flow between parallel plates considering thermophoresis and Brownian effect, Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Science 49 (4) (2015) 6-15.
24
[25] A.A. Joneidi, D.D. Ganji, M. Babaelah, Differential transform method to determine fin efficiency of convective straight fins with temperature dependent thermal conductivity, International Communication in Heat and Mass Transfer 39 (2009) 757-762.
25
[26] . Filobello-Niño,H. Vazquez-Leal, K. Boubaker, Y. Khan, A. Perez-Sesma, A. Sarmiento Reyes, V.M. Jimenez-Fernandez,A. Diaz-Sanchez, A., Herrera- May, J. Sanchez-Orea, K. Pereyra-Castro, Perturbation Method as a Powerful Tool to Solve Highly Nonlinear Problems: The Case of Gelfand’s Equation, Asian Journal of Mathematics and Statistics 3(2) (2013) 76-82.
26
[27] M. Hatami, Nanoparticles migration around the heated cylinder during the RSM optimization of a wavy-wall enclosure, Advanced Powder Technologgy 28 (2017) 890-899.
27
[28] Z. Ziabakhsh, G. Domairry, Analytic solution of natural convection flow of a non-Newtonian fluid between two vertical flat plates using homotopy analysis method, Communication Nonlinear Science Numumerical Simulation 14 (2009) 1868-1880.
28
[29] A. Mehmood, A. Ali, Analytic solution of three dimensional viscous flow and heat transfer over a stretching surface by homotopy analysis method, American Society of Mechanical Engineers 130 (2008) 21701-21707.
29
[30] H.A. Hoshyar, D.D. Ganji, A.R. Borranc, M. Falahatid, Flow behavior of unsteady incompressible Newtonian fluid flow between two parallel plates via homotopy analysis method, Latin American Journal of Solids and structures 12 (2015) 1859-1869.
30
[31] . Filobello-Niño,H. Vazquez-Leal, K. Boubaker, Y. Khan, A. Perez-Sesma, A. Sarmiento Reyes, V.M. Jimenez-Fernandez,A. Diaz-Sanchez, A., Herrera- May, J. Sanchez-Orea, K. Pereyra-Castro, Perturbation Method as a Powerful Tool to Solve Highly Nonlinear Problems: The Case of Gelfand’s Equation, Asian Journal of Mathematics and Statistics 3(2) (2013) 76-82.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Magneto Hydrodynamic Effect on Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Backward- Facing Step Using Two-Phase Model
Magneto hydrodynamics effects on nanofluid flow in backward-facing step is studied using two-fluid model of Buongiorno. Due to the utilization of two-phase model, variable nanoparticle concentration and nanofluid properties are considered. Thermophoresis and Brownian diffusivities are calculated in particle dispersion. Effects of Reynolds number, particle volume fraction, magnetic field and Hartmann numbers are studied on heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics. It is shown that introduction of nanoparticles as a second phase, pushes reattachment point further into the downstream, while magnetic field has opposite effect and pushes it backward into the upstream. Particles are shown to be migrating from hot to cold regions due to the dispersion mechanisms considered. In comparison to single phase models, there is 3.7% decrease in maximum Nusselt number and more than 40% difference in the reattachment point location. Accuracy of the reattachment point is shown through previous pure fluid studies, the comparison to which show less than 0.8% tolerance with most recent studies. Relative effect of diffusion mechanisms is compared in different flow conditions, which show up to 12.5% difference. Application of magnetic field results in average Nusselt number increase of more than 10% by Hartmann number of 12.
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3433_e93b1bfd462cb615ba73bfbfab34ec32.pdf
2020-03-01
51
66
10.22060/ajme.2019.14843.5747
Nanofluid
Buongiorno Model
Brownian motion
Thermophoresis effect
magneto hydrodynamic
Farrokh
Mobadersani
f.mobadersani@mee.uut.ac.ir
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology
LEAD_AUTHOR
Araz
Rezavand Hesari
araz.rezavand-hesari.1@ulaval.ca
2
Mechanical Engineering Department, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada
AUTHOR
[1] S.U. Choi, J.A. Eastman, Enhancing thermal conductivity of fluids with nanoparticles, Argonne National Lab., IL (United States), 1995.
1
[2] M. Bahiraei, A comprehensive review on different numerical approaches for simulation in nanofluids: traditional and novel techniques, Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 35(7) (2014) 984-996.
2
[3] W.-S. Han, S.-H. Rhi, Thermal characteristics of grooved heat pipe with hybrid nanofluids, Thermal Science, 15(1) (2011) 195-206.
3
[4] G. Huminic, A. Huminic, I. Morjan, F. Dumitrache, Experimental study of the thermal performance of thermosyphon heat pipe using iron oxide nanoparticles, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 54(1-3) (2011) 656-661.
4
[5] N. Kannadasan, K. Ramanathan, S. Suresh, Comparison of heat transfer and pressure drop in horizontal and vertical helically coiled heat exchanger with CuO/water based nano fluids, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 42 (2012) 64-70.
5
[6] R. Lotfi, A.M. Rashidi, A. Amrollahi, Experimental study on the heat transfer enhancement of MWNT-water nanofluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 39(1) (2012) 108-111.
6
[7] S.S. Murshed, K.C. Leong, C. Yang, N.-T. Nguyen, Convective heat transfer characteristics of aqueous TiO 2 nanofluid under laminar flow conditions, International Journal of Nanoscience, 7(06) (2008) 325-331.
7
[8] A. Rashad, M.A. Ismael, A.J. Chamkha, M. Mansour, MHD mixed convection of localized heat source/sink in a nanofluid-filled lid-driven square cavity with partial slip, Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 68 (2016) 173-186.
8
[9] M. Sathiyamoorthy, A.J. Chamkha, Natural convection flow under magnetic field in a square cavity for uniformly (or) linearly heated adjacent walls, International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 22(5) (2012) 677-698.
9
[10] M. Sheikholeslami, T. Hayat, A. Alsaedi, MHD free convection of Al2O3–water nanofluid considering thermal radiation: a numerical study, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 96 (2016) 513-524.
10
[11] N. Rudraiah, R. Barron, M. Venkatachalappa, C. Subbaraya, Effect of a magnetic field on free convection in a rectangular enclosure, International Journal of Engineering Science, 33(8) (1995) 1075-1084.
11
[12] A. Kasaeipoor, B. Ghasemi, S. Aminossadati, Convection of Cu-water nanofluid in a vented T-shaped cavity in the presence of magnetic field, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 94 (2015) 50-60.
12
[13] H. Heidary, R. Hosseini, M. Pirmohammadi, M. Kermani, Numerical study of magnetic field effect on nano-fluid forced convection in a channel, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 374 (2015) 11-17.
13
[14] S. Mojumder, S. Saha, S. Saha, M. Mamun, Effect of magnetic field on natural convection in a C-shaped cavity filled with ferrofluid, Procedia Engineering, 105 (2015) 96-104.
14
[15] A. Chamkha, M. Ismael, A. Kasaeipoor, T. Armaghani, Entropy generation and natural convection of CuOwater nanofluid in C-shaped cavity under magnetic field, Entropy, 18(2) (2016) 50.
15
[16] M.A. Ismael, M. Mansour, A.J. Chamkha, A. Rashad, Mixed convection in a nanofluid filled-cavity with partial slip subjected to constant heat flux and inclined magnetic field, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 416 (2016) 25-36.
16
[17] J.G. Barbosa-Saldaña, N. Anand, Flow over a threedimensional horizontal forward-facing step, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 53(1) (2007) 1-17.
17
[18] D. Barkley, M.G.M. Gomes, R.D. Henderson, Threedimensional instability in flow over a backward-facing step, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 473 (2002) 167-190.
18
[19] F. Selimefendigil, H.F. Öztop, Numerical analysis of laminar pulsating flow at a backward facing step with an upper wall mounted adiabatic thin fin, Computers & Fluids, 88 (2013) 93-107.
19
[20] A. Amiri, H.K. Arzani, S. Kazi, B. Chew, A. Badarudin, Backward-facing step heat transfer of the turbulent regime for functionalized graphene nanoplatelets based water–ethylene glycol nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 97 (2016) 538-546.
20
[21] K.A. Mohammed, A.A. Talib, A. Nuraini, K. Ahmed, Review of forced convection nanofluids through corrugated facing step, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 75 (2017) 234-241.
21
[22] A.S. Kherbeet, H. Mohammed, B. Salman, H.E. Ahmed, O.A. Alawi, Experimental and numerical study of nanofluid flow and heat transfer over microscale backward-facing step, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 79 (2014) 858-867.
22
[23] F. Selimefendigil, H.F. Öztop, Laminar convective nanofluid flow over a backward-facing step with an elastic bottom wall, Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 10(4) (2018) 041003.
23
[24] E. Abu-Nada, Application of nanofluids for heat transfer enhancement of separated flows encountered in a backward facing step, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 29(1) (2008) 242-249.
24
[25] J. Buongiorno, Convective transport in nanofluids, Journal of heat transfer, 128(3) (2006) 240-250.
25
[26] Y. Xuan, W. Roetzel, Conceptions for heat transfer correlation of nanofluids, International Journal of heat and Mass transfer, 43(19) (2000) 3701-3707.
26
[27] D. Wen, Y. Ding, Effect of particle migration on heat transfer in suspensions of nanoparticles flowing through minichannels, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 1(2) (2005) 183-189.
27
[28] Y. Xuan, Q. Li, Heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids, International Journal of heat and fluid flow, 21(1) (2000) 58-64.
28
[29] M. Bahiraei, S. Mostafa Hosseinalipour, M. Hangi, Prediction of convective heat transfer of Al2O3-water nanofluid considering particle migration using neural network, Engineering Computations, 31(5) (2014) 843- 863.
29
[30] M. Sheikholeslami, S. Abelman, Two-phase simulation of nanofluid flow and heat transfer in an annulus in the presence of an axial magnetic field, IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, 14(3) (2015) 561-569.
30
[31] M. Sheikholeslami, D.D. Ganji, M.Y. Javed, R. Ellahi, Effect of thermal radiation on magnetohydrodynamics nanofluid flow and heat transfer by means of two phase model, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 374 (2015) 36-43.
31
[32] G. McNab, A. Meisen, Thermophoresis in liquids, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 44(2) (1973) 339-346.
32
[33] H. Brinkman, The viscosity of concentrated suspensions and solutions, The Journal of Chemical Physics, 20(4) (1952) 571-571.
33
[34] K. Khanafer, K. Vafai, M. Lightstone, Buoyancydriven heat transfer enhancement in a two-dimensional enclosure utilizing nanofluids, International journal of heat and mass transfer, 46(19) (2003) 3639-3653.
34
[35] S.G. Johnsen, T.M. Pääkkönen, S. Andersson, S.T. Johansen, B. Wittgens, On the wall boundary conditions for species-specific mass conservation equations in mathematical modelling of direct precipitation fouling from supersaturated, multi-component fluid mixtures, arXiv preprint arXiv:1703.01448, (2017).
35
[36] S. Acharya, G. Dixit, Q. Hou, Laminar mixed convection in a vertical channel with a backstep: a benchmark study, ASME-PUBLICATIONS-HTD, 258 (1993) 11-11.
36
[37] F. Selimefendigil, H.F. Öztop, Effect of a rotating cylinder in forced convection of ferrofluid over a backward facing step, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 71 (2014) 142-148.
37
[38] J.-T. Lin, B.F. Armaly, T. Chen, Mixed convection in buoyancy-assisting, vertical backward-facing step flows, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 33(10) (1990) 2121-2132.
38
[39] B.R. Dyne, D.W. Pepper, F.P. Brueckner, Mixed convection in a vertical channel with a backward facing step: A benchmark problem, ASME-PUBLICATIONSHTD, 258 (1993) 49-49.
39
[40] M. El-Refaee, M. Elsayed, N. Al-Najem, I. Megahid, Steady-state solutions of buoyancy-assisted internal flows using a fast false implicit transient scheme (FITS), International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 6(6) (1996) 3-23.
40
[41] R. Cochran, R. Horstman, Y. Sun, A. Emery, Benchmark Solution for a Vertical, Buoyancy-Assisted Laminar Backward-Facing Step Flow Using Finite Element, Finite Volume and Finite Difference Methods, ASMEPUBLICATIONS- HTD, 258 (1993) 37-37.
41
[42] M. Bahiraei, S.M. Hosseinalipour, Thermal dispersion model compared with Euler-Lagrange approach in simulation of convective heat transfer for nanoparticle suspensions, Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 34(12) (2013) 1778-1789.
42
[43] E. Esmaeilzadeh, H. Almohammadi, S.N. Vatan, A. Omrani, Experimental investigation of hydrodynamics and heat transfer characteristics of γ-Al2O3/water under laminar flow inside a horizontal tube, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 63 (2013) 31-37.
43
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effects of Subcooled Temperatures on Transient Pool Boiling of Deionized Water under Atmospheric Pressure
Pool boiling heat transfer and critical heat flux (CHF) were experimentally studied in subcooled temperatures ranging from 0oC to 20oC and under transient power conditions. A chromealuminum- iron alloy wire was used as the heating element. The heating rate in the test section was increased linearly depending on time by applying voltage control for 1s to 1000s. The transient boiling heat transfer coefficient (TBHTC), transient wire superheat temperature, transient heat flux and transient CHF were also obtained. The results showed that in the case of all subcooled temperatures and periods, the TBHTC increased in the nucleate boiling region because of the growth, separation, motion and turbulence of the bubbles. The TBHTC also decreased in the transition from nucleate boiling to film boiling because some part of the wire covered by temporary thin vapor film. The TBHTC again increased in film boiling due to the increment of radiation heat transfer. The TBHTC decreased in the second part of the film boiling due to the heat flux and the vapor film thickness around the wire had increased. Relative to the saturation condition, the timely average of the wire superheat temperature for subcooled temperatures of 10oC and 20oC , respectively, decreased by 9.23% and 9.29% in the nucleate boiling region and in a time period of 1000s.
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3432_356730cb0ae73e4190a95c392c830585.pdf
2020-03-01
67
78
10.22060/ajme.2019.15227.5767
transient pool boiling
Critical heat flux
heating rate
subcooled temperature
Transient boiling heat transfer coefficient
ahmadreza
ayoobi
ar.ayoobi@stu.yazd.ac.ir
1
department of mechanical engineering, yazd university
AUTHOR
Ahmadreza
Faghih Khorasani
faghih@yazd.ac.ir
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yazd University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Tavakoli
mrtavak@cc.iut.ac.ir
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology
AUTHOR
[1] A. Ayoobi, A.F. Khorasani, M.R. Tavakoli, M.R. Salimpour, Experimental study of the time period of continued heating rate on the pool boiling characteristics of saturated water, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 137 (2019) 318-327.
1
[2] R.F. Gaertner, Photographic study of nucleate pool boiling on a horizontal surface, Journal of Heat Transfer, 87(1) (1965) 17-27.
2
[3] H. Finnemann, O.f.E. Co-operation, Development, Results of LWR core transient benchmarks, in, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1993.
3
[4] A. Zou, A. Chanana, A. Agrawal, P.C. Wayner Jr, S.C. Maroo, Steady state vapor bubble in pool boiling, Scientific reports, 6 (2016).
4
[5] S. Jun, J. Kim, S.M. You, H.Y. Kim, Effect of heater orientation on pool boiling heat transfer from sintered copper microporous coating in saturated water, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 103 (2016) 277-284.
5
[6] J. Wang, F.-C. Li, X.-B. Li, Bubble explosion in pool boiling around a heated wire in surfactant solution, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 99 (2016) 569-575.
6
[7] G.-Y. Su, M. Bucci, T. McKrell, J. Buongiorno, Transient boiling of water under exponentially escalating heat inputs. Part I: Pool boiling, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 96 (2016) 667-684.
7
[8] S.D. Park, S.W. Lee, S. Kang, S.M. Kim, I.C. Bang, Pool boiling CHF enhancement by graphene-oxide nanofluid under nuclear coolant chemical environments, Nuclear Engineering and Design, 252 (2012) 184-191.
8
[9] M. Hursin, T. Downar, PWR control rod ejection analysis with the MOC code decart, in: Joint International Workshop: Nuclear Technology Society–Needs for Next Generation, Berkley, CA, 2008.
9
[10] M.S. El-Genk, Immersion cooling nucleate boiling of high power computer chips, Energy Conversion and Management, 53(1) (2012) 205-218.
10
[11] A.F. Ali, M.S. El-Genk, Spreaders for immersion nucleate boiling cooling of a computer chip with a central hot spot, Energy Conversion and Management, 53(1) (2012) 259-267.
11
[12] Y. Zhang, D. Lu, Z. Wang, X. Fu, Q. Cao, Y. Yang, Experimental investigation on pool-boiling of C-shape heat exchanger bundle used in PRHR HX, Applied Thermal Engineering, 114 (2017) 186-195.
12
[13] M.W. Rosenthal, An experimental study of transient boiling, Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2(5) (1957) 640-656.
13
[14] K. Pasamehmetoglu, R. Nelson, F. Gunnerson, Critical heat flux modeling in pool boiling for steady-state and power transients, Journal of Heat Transfer, 112(4) (1990) 1048-1057.
14
[15] M. Danish, M.K. Al Mesfer, Analytical solution of nucleate pool boiling heat transfer model based on macrolayer, Heat and Mass Transfer, (2017) 1-12.
15
[16] V.K. Dhir, G.R. Warrier, E. Aktinol, Numerical simulation of pool boiling: a review, Journal of Heat Transfer, 135(6) (2013) 061502.
16
[17] C. Marcel, A. Clausse, C. Frankiewicz, A. Betz, D. Attinger, Numerical investigation into the effect of surface wettability in pool boiling heat transfer with a stochastic-automata model, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 111 (2017) 657-665.
17
[18] J.S. Ervin, H. Merte, R. Keller, K. Kirk, Transient pool boiling in microgravity, International journal of heat and mass transfer, 35(3) (1992) 659-674.
18
[19] A. Pavlenko, E. Tairov, V. Zhukov, A. Levin, A. Tsoi, Investigation of transient processes at liquid boiling under nonstationary heat generation conditions, Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 20(4) (2011) 380-406.
19
[20] H. Auracher, W. Marquardt, Experimental studies of boiling mechanisms in all boiling regimes under steadystate and transient conditions, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 41(7) (2002) 586-598.
20
[21] J. Park, K. Fukuda, Q. Liu, Critical heat flux phenomena depending on pre-pressurization in transient heat input, in: AIP Conference Proceedings, AIP Publishing, 2017, pp. 080005.
21
[22] M. Shiotsu, Transient Pool Boiling Heat Transfer, Journal of Heat Transfer, 99 (1977) 547.
22
[23] Y. LI, K. FUKUDA, Q. LIU, Steady and Transient CHF in Subcooled Pool Boiling of Water under Subatmospheric Pressures, Marine engineering: journal of the Japan Institute of Marine Engineering, 52(2) (2017) 245-250.
23
[24] A. Sakurai, M. Shiotsu, Transient Pool Boiling Heat Transfer—Part 2: Boiling Heat Transfer and Burnout, Journal of heat transfer, 99(4) (1977) 554-560.
24
[25] V.I. Sharma, J. Buongiorno, T.J. McKrell, L.W. Hu, Experimental investigation of transient critical heat flux of water-based zinc–oxide nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 61 (2013) 425-431.
25
[26] S.M. Kwark, R. Kumar, G. Moreno, S.M. You, Transient characteristics of pool boiling heat transfer in nanofluids, Journal of Heat Transfer, 134(5) (2012) 051015.
26
[27] K. Hata, S. Masuzaki, Influence of heat input waveform on transient critical heat flux of subcooled water flow boiling in a short vertical tube, Nuclear Engineering and Design, 240(2) (2010) 440-452.
27
[28] F. Tachibana, M. Akiyama, H. Kawamura, Heat transfer and critical heat flux in transient boiling,(i) an experimental study in saturated pool boiling, Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 5(3) (1968) 117-126.
28
[29] K. Derewnicki, Experimental studies of heat transfer and vapour formation in fast transient boiling, International journal of heat and mass transfer, 28(11) (1985) 2085- 2092.
29
[30] A. Sakurai, M. Shiotsu, K. Hata, K. Fukuda, Photographic study on transitions from non-boiling and nucleate boiling regime to film boiling due to increasing heat inputs in liquid nitrogen and water, Nuclear Engineering and Design, 200(1) (2000) 39-54.
30
[31] H. Johnson, Transient boiling heat transfer to water, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 14(1) (1971) 67-82.
31
[32] K. Isao, S. Akimi, S. Akira, Transient boiling heat transfer under forced convection, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 26(4) (1983) 583-595.
32
[33] A. Sakurai, A. Serizawa, I. Kataoka, M. Shiozu, Transient boiling heat transfer under forced convection, Kyoto Daigaku Genshi Enerugi Kenkyusho Iho, (1978) 16-19.
33
[34] D.E. Kim, J. Song, H. Kim, Simultaneous observation of dynamics and thermal evolution of irreversible dry spot at critical heat flux in pool boiling, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 99 (2016) 409-424.
34
[35] R. Visentini, C. Colin, P. Ruyer, Experimental investigation of heat transfer in transient boiling, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 55 (2014) 95- 105.
35
[36] R.J. Moffat, Describing the uncertainties in experimental results, Experimental thermal and fluid science, 1(1) (1988) 3-17.
36
[37] W.M. Rohsenow, A method of correlating heat transfer data for surface boiling of liquids, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Division of Industrial Cooporation,[1951], 1951.
37
[38] N. Zuber, Nucleate boiling. The region of isolated bubbles and the similarity with natural convection, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 6(1) (1963) 53-78.
38
[39] M.H. Htet, K. Fukuda, Q. Liu, Transient boiling critical heat flux on horizontal vertically oriented ribbon heater with treated surface condition in pool of water, Mechanical Engineering Journal, 3(3) (2016) 15-00438- 00415-00438.
39
[40] [40] A. Sakurai, K. Fukuda, Mechanisms of subcooled pool boiling CHFs depending on subcooling, pressure, and test heater configurations and surface conditions in liquids, in: ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2002, pp. 213-225.
40
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Experimental Study on Submerged Flame in a Two-Layer Porous Burner
Combustion in porous media is an effective method to minimize dissipations and save energy. Therefore, Study on the porous burners has been the focus of many researches in the past decade, due to the favorable features of these burners. The conditions for the formation of a steady-state submerged flame in a ceramic (Silicon Carbide) porous medium were investigated at four firing rates. The results were obtained on a ceramic foam with a cross section area of 63.6 cm2 and pore density of either 10 or 30 ppi. The reactants were air and natural gas with various equivalence ratios. In this experimental study, eight thermocouples were mounted on the burner walls along its axis in order to track the flame position, and the results were presented as temperature profiles of the porous wall. It was observed that the formation of submerged flame depends on firing rate and equivalence ratio. The stability limit of submerged flame (the range between surface flame and flash back limits) is reduced by increasing the firing rate. Results show that, when the mixture velocity is low, the stability limit extends. Finally, the ranges of equivalence ratio and mixture velocity for the formation of submerged flame are presented at various firing rates.
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3452_705919185bac6bda9a6ef52d05e237cd.pdf
2020-03-01
79
88
10.22060/ajme.2019.14799.5745
Experimental study
Flame Formation
Porous burner
Premixed Methane-Air Combustion
Seyed abdolmehdi
Hashemi
hashemi@kashanu.ac.ir
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Faridzadeh
mr.faridzadeh@gmail.com
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] W. FJ, Combustion temperature - the future, Nature, 233 (1971) 239–241.
1
[2] L. Younis, R. Viskanta, Experimental determination of the volumetric heat transfer coefficient between stream of air and ceramic foam, International journal of heat and mass transfer, 36(6) (1993) 1425-1434.
2
[3] V. Khanna, R. Goel, J. Ellzey, Measurements of emissions and radiation for methane combustion within a porous medium burner, Combustion science and technology, 99(1-3) (1994) 133-142.
3
[4] J. Randrianalisoa, Y. Bréchet, D. Baillis, Materials selection for optimal design of a porous radiant burner for environmentally driven requirements, Advanced Engineering Materials, 11(12) (2009) 1049-1056.
4
[5] A. Bakry, A. Al-Salaymeh, H. Ala’a, A. Abu-Jrai, D. Trimis, Adiabatic premixed combustion in a gaseous fuel porous inert media under high pressure and temperature: Novel flame stabilization technique, Fuel, 90(2) (2011) 647-658.
5
[6] C. Keramiotis, B. Stelzner, D. Trimis, M. Founti, Porous burners for low emission combustion: An experimental investigation, Energy, 45(1) (2012) 213-219.
6
[7] J.-R. Shi, C.-M. Yu, B.-W. Li, Y.-F. Xia, Z.-J. Xue, Experimental and numerical studies on the flame instabilities in porous media, Fuel, 106 (2013) 674-681.
7
[8] H. Wang, C. Wei, P. Zhao, T. Ye, Experimental study on temperature variation in a porous inert media burner for premixed methane air combustion, Energy, 72 (2014) 195-200.
8
[9] H. Gao, Z. Qu, X. Feng, W. Tao, Combustion of methane/ air mixtures in a two-layer porous burner: A comparison of alumina foams, beads, and honeycombs, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 52 (2014) 215-220.
9
[10] B. Stelzner, C. Keramiotis, S. Voss, M. Founti, D. Trimis, Analysis of the flame structure for lean methane– air combustion in porous inert media by resolving the hydroxyl radical, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 35(3) (2015) 3381-3388.
10
[11] S.A. Shakiba, R. Ebrahimi, M. Shams, Z. Yazdanfar, Effects of foam structure and material on the performance of premixed porous ceramic burner, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, 229(2) (2015) 176-191.
11
[12] Y. Liu, A. Fan, H. Yao, W. Liu, A numerical investigation on the effect of wall thermal conductivity on flame stability and combustion efficiency in a mesoscale channel filled with fibrous porous medium, Applied Thermal Engineering, 101 (2016) 239-246.
12
[13] M.D. Emami, H. Atoof, M. Rezaeibakhsh, Flash- Back Phenomenon in a Two-Layer Porous Media: An Experimental Study, Journal of Porous Media, 19(3) (2016).
13
[14] S.A. Ghorashi, S.A. Hashemi, S.M. Hashemi, M. Mollamahdi, Experimental study on pollutant emissions in the novel combined porous-free flame burner, J Energy, 162 (2018) 517-525.
14
[15] S.M. Hashemi, S.A. Hashemi, Flame stability analysis of the premixed methane-air combustion in a two-layer porous media burner by numerical simulation, J Fuel, 202 (2017) 56-65.
15
[16] S.M. Hashemi, S.A. Hashemi, Numerical study of the flame stability of premixed methane–air combustion in a combined porous-free flame burner, J Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of PowerEnergy, (2018) 0957650918790662.
16
[17] R. Catapan, A. Oliveira, M. Costa, Non-uniform velocity profile mechanism for flame stabilization in a porous radiant burner, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 35(1) (2011) 172-179.
17
[18] J.P. Holman, W.J. Gajda, Experimental methods for engineers, McGraw-Hill New York, 2001.
18
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Thermodynamic Analysis of a Novel Heat Pipe Based Regenerative Combined System
A comprehensive thermodynamic analysis is presented of a new solar system for heating and power generation. Energy and exergy analyses are used to characterize the exergy destruction rate in any component and investigate solar system performance. The system composed of a solar heat pipe evaporator, an auxiliary pump, a condenser, a turbine, an electrical generator, a domestic water heater, a regenerator, a water preheater and a pump. The solar system provides heating and electricity during the summer and spring in Tabriz, Iran. The analysis involves the specification of effects of varying solar heat pipe evaporator condenser pinch point temperature, varying solar radiation intensity and varying solar heat pipe evaporator heat removal factor on the energetic and exergetic performance of the system. The performance parameters calculated are energy flow, exergy destruction rate, energetic and exergetic efficiencies. The results also showed that the main source of the exergy destruction rate is the solar heat pipe evaporator. In the solar heat pipe evaporator, 291.1 kW of the input exergy was destroyed. Other main sources of exergy destruction rate are the solar heat pipe evaporator condenser, at 6.655 kW; then the turbine, at 6.228 kW; and the water preheater, at 0.907 kW. The overall energetic and exergetic efficiencies of the combined solar system was 69.57% and 12.41%, respectively.
A comprehensive thermodynamic analysis is presented of a new solar system for heatingand power generation. Energy and exergy analyses are used to characterize the exergy destruction ratein any component and investigate solar system performance. The system composed of a solar heat pipeevaporator, an auxiliary pump, a condenser, a turbine, an electrical generator, a domestic water heater,a regenerator, a water preheater and a pump. The solar system provides heating and electricity duringthe summer and spring in Tabriz, Iran. The analysis involves the specification of effects of varying solarheat pipe evaporator condenser pinch point temperature, varying solar radiation intensity and varyingsolar heat pipe evaporator heat removal factor on the energetic and exergetic performance of the system.The performance parameters calculated are energy flow, exergy destruction rate, energetic and exergeticefficiencies. The results also showed that the main source of the exergy destruction rate is the solar heatpipe evaporator. In the solar heat pipe evaporator, 291.1 kW of the input exergy was destroyed. Othermain sources of exergy destruction rate are the solar heat pipe evaporator condenser, at 6.655 kW; thenthe turbine, at 6.228 kW; and the water preheater, at 0.907 kW. The overall energetic and exergeticefficiencies of the combined solar system was 69.57% and 12.41%, respectively.
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3397_8cb29876ed834d4c5750e36f095cf3a4.pdf
2020-03-01
89
102
10.22060/ajme.2019.14875.5749
Energy Efficiency
Exergy efficiency
solar heat pipe system
Regenerative organic
Rankine cycle
Vahid
Beygzadeh
vbeygzadeh@gmail.com
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Shahram
Khalilarya
sh.khalilarya@urmia.ac.ir
2
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Iraj
Mirzaee
i.mirzaee@urmia.ac.ir
3
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Vahid
Zare
v.zare@uut.ac.ir
4
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Gholamreza
Miri
gholamreza.miri@gmail.com
5
Department of Business Management, National Iranian Oil Refining & Distribution Company, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] F.Yilmaz, M.Ozturk, R.Selbas, Energy and exergy performance assessment of a novel solar-based integrated system with hydrogen production, Int.J.Hydrogen Energ., 44(34) (2019) 18732– 18743.
1
[2] A.Moaleman, A.Kasaeian, M.Aramesh, O.Mahian, L.Sahota, G.N.Tiwari, Simulation of the performance of a solar concentrating photovoltaic-thermal collector applied in a combined cooling heating and power generation system, Energy Convers. Manag., 160(1) (2018) 191–208.
2
[3] E. Azad, Theoretical analysis to investigate thermal performance of co-axial heat pipe solar collector, Heat and Mass Transfer, 47(1) (2011) 1651–1658.
3
[4] A.Kasaeian, G.Nouri, P.Ranjbaran, D.Wen, Solar collectors and photovoltaics as combined heat and power systems: A critical review, Energy Convers. Manag., 156(1) (2018) 688–705.
4
[5] O.Z. Sharaf, M.F Orhan, Comparative thermodynamic analysis of densely-packed concentrated photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) solar collectors in thermally in-series and in-parallel receiver configurations, Renew. Energ., 126(1) (2018) 296-321.
5
[6] A.A. Alzahrani, I.Dincer, Thermodynamic analysis of an integrated transcritical carbon dioxide power cycle for concentrated solar power systems, Sol. Energy, 170(1) (2018) 557–567.
6
[7] A.Shafieian, M.Khiadani, A.Nosrati, A review of latest developments, progress, and applications of heat pipe solar collectors, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 95(1) (2018) 273-304.
7
[8] L.Hui, C.T.Tai, J.Jie, Building-integrated heat pipe photovoltaic/thermal system for use in Hong Kong, Sol. Energy, 155(1) (2017) 1084-1091.
8
[9] H.N.Chaudhry, B.R.Hughes, S.A.Ghani, A review of heat pipe systems for heat recovery and renewable energy applications. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 16(1) (2012) 2249– 2259.
9
[10] H. Jouhara, A. Chauhan, T. Nannou, S. Almahmoud, B. Delpech, L.C. Wrobel, Heat pipe based systems- Advances and applications, Energy, 128(1) (2017) 729- 754.
10
[11] E. Azad, Assessment of three types of heat pipe solar collectors, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 16(5) (2012) 2833– 2838.
11
[12] N.Sato, Chemical Energy and Exergy, Elsevier Science, 2004.
12
[13] Iran Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Organization Annual report, 2010-2017.
13
[14] Chi SW, Heat Pipe Theory and Practice: A Source Book, Hemisphere Pub. Corp, 1976.
14
[15] J.A. Duffie, W.A. Beckman. Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Time-Dependent Creep Response of Magneto-Electro-Elastic Rotating Disc in Thermal and Humid Environmental Condition
The aim of this paper is to analyze the time-dependent stress redistribution of a rotating magneto-electro-elastic disc. The disc is supposed to be placed in an axisymmetric temperature and moisture fields. Besides, the disc is under a centrifugal body force, an induced electric potential in addition to magnetic potential. Using equilibrium, electrostatic and magnetostatic equations, straindisplacement and stress-strain relations together with hygrothermal equations, a differential equation is obtained in which there are creep strains. Primarily, disregarding the creep strain, an analytical solution for the initial stresses, electromagnetic potentials and displacement is developed. Then, using Prandtl- Reuss relations, creep stress rates and electromagnetic potentials rates are obtained. Finally, the history of stresses, electric and magnetic potentials is obtained iteratively. In the numerical section, the influence of creep evolution, hygrothermal environmental condition, angular velocity and temperature- and moisture-dependency of elastic coefficients on the behavior of magneto-electro-elastic disc is analyzed comprehensively. The results show that the effect of hygrothermal loading and angular velocity becomes less significant after creep evolution. Also, the results imply that analysis of the effect of temperature- and moisture- dependence after creep evolution must be considered in the design progress. Besides, to avoid cracking, increasing in the tensile hoop stress at the internal surface with increasing in hygrothermal loading must be considered in design progress..
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3383_d0a0b15419b896bc636d4f3e2a4baddc.pdf
2020-03-01
103
118
10.22060/ajme.2019.15375.5770
Rotating disc
magneto-electro-elastic
Time-dependent creep
Hygrothermal loading
Mahdi
Saadatfar
m.saadatfar@gmail.com
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Qom
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] S. B. Singh, S. Ray, Modeling the anisotropy and creep in orthotropic aluminum-silicon carbide composite rotating disc, Mechanics of Materials, 34(6) (2002) 363-372.
1
[2] M. Saadatfar, Effect of Interlaminar Weak Bonding and Constant Magnetic Field on the Hygrothermal Stresses of a FG Hybrid Cylindrical Shell Using DQM, Journal of Stress Analysis, 3(1) (2018) 93-110.
2
[3] A. H. Akbarzadeh, Z. T. Chen, Hygrothermal stresses in one-dimensional functionally graded piezoelectric media in constant magnetic field, Composite Structure, 97 (2013) 317–331.
3
[4] M. N. M. Allam, A. M. Zenkour, R. Tantawy, Analysis of Functionally Graded Piezoelectric Cylinders in a Hygrothermal Environment, Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 6(2) (2014) 233-246.
4
[5] M. Saadatfar, M. Aghaie-Khafri, Hygrothermomagnetoelectroelastic analysis of a functionally graded magnetoelectroelastic hollow sphere resting on an elastic foundation, Smart Materials and Structures, 23(3), (2014) 1-13.
5
[6] M. Saadatfar, M. Aghaie-Khafri, Electromagnetothermoelastic behavior of a rotating imperfect hybrid functionally graded hollow cylinder resting on an elastic foundation, Smart Structures and Systems 15(6) (2015) 1411-1437.
6
[7] M. Saadatfar, M. Aghaie-Khafri, Hygrothermal analysis of a rotating smart exponentially graded cylindrical shell with imperfect bonding supported by an elastic foundation, Aerospace Science and Technology, 43 (2015) 37–50.
7
[8] M. Saadatfar, M. Aghaie-Khafri, On the magnetothermo- elastic behavior of a FGM cylindrical shell with pyroelectric layers featuring interlaminar bonding imperfections rested in an elastic foundation, Journal of Solid Mechanics, 7(3), (2015) 344-363.
8
[9] M. Saadatfar, M. Aghaie-Khafri, Thermoelastic analysis of a rotating functionally graded cylindrical shell with functionally graded sensor and actuator layers on an elastic foundation placed in a constant magnetic field, Journal of Intelligent Materials Systems and Structures, 27 (2015) 512-527.
9
[10] M. Saadatfar, M. Aghaie-Khafri, On the behavior of a rotating functionally graded hybrid cylindrical shell with imperfect bonding subjected to hygrothermal condition, Journal of Thermal Stresses, 38 (2015) 854–881.
10
[11] M. Saadatfar, Effect of multiphysics conditions on the behavior of an exponentially graded smart cylindrical shell with imperfect bonding, Meccanica, 50 (2015) 2135–2152.
11
[12] A. M. Zenkour, Bending analysis of piezoelectric exponentially graded fiber-reinforced composite cylinders in hygrothermal environments, International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design, 13(4) (2017) 515–529.
12
[13] M. Vinyas, S. C. Kattimani, Hygrothermal Analysis of Magneto-Electro-Elastic Plate using 3D Finite Element Analysis, Composite Structures, 180 (2017) 617-637.
13
[14] T. Dai, H. L. Dai, Analysis of a rotating FGMEE circular disk with variable thickness under thermal environment, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 45 (2017) 900–924.
14
[15]V. K. Gupta, S.B. Singh, H.N. Chandrawat, S. Ray, Creep behavior of a rotating functionally graded composite disc operating under thermal gradient. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 35 (2004) 1381–1391.
15
[16] D. Deepak, V. K. Gupta, A. K. Dham, Creep modeling in functionally graded rotating disc of variable thickness, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 24(11) (2010) 2221-2232.
16
[17] M. Rattan, N. Chamoli and S.B. Singh, Creep analysis of an isotropic functionally graded rotating disc, International Journal of Contemporary Mathematical Sciences, 5(9) (2010) 419–431.
17
[18] D. Dharmpal, M. Garg, V.K. Gupta, Creep behavior of rotating FGM disc with linear and hyperbolic thickness profiles. Kragujevac Journal of Science, 37 (2015) 35– 48.
18
[19] V. Gupta, S.B. Singh, Mathematical modeling of creep in a functionally graded rotating disc with varying thickness. Regenerative Engineering and Translational Medicine, 2(3) (2016) 126–140.
19
[20] T. Bose, M. Rattan, Effect of thermal gradation on steady state creep of functionally graded rotating disc, European Journal of Mechanics / A Solids, 67 (2018) 169–176.
20
[21] A. Loghman, M. Abdollahian, A. Jafarzadeh Jazi, A. Ghorbanpour Arani, Semi-analytical solution for electromagnetothermoelastic creep response of functionally graded piezoelectric rotating disk, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 65 (2013) 254-266.
21
[22] A. Loghman and M. Azami, A novel analytical-numerical solution for nonlinear time-dependent electro-thermomechanical creep behavior of rotating disk made of piezoelectric polymer, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 40 (2016) 4795–4811.
22
[23] D. Zhou, M. Kamlah, Room-temperature creep of soft PZT under static electrical and compressive stress loading, Acta Materialia 54(5) (2006) 1389-1396.
23
[24] W. J. Chang, Transient hygrothermal responses in a solid cylinder by linear theory of coupled heat and moisture, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 18 (1994) 467-473.
24
[25] A.H. Akbarzadeh, Z.T. Chen, Magnetoelectroelastic behavior of rotating cylinders resting on an elastic foundation under hygrothermal loading, Smart Materials and Structures, 21 (2012) 125-133.
25
[26] M. Saadatfar, A.S. Razavi, Piezoelectric hollow cylinder with thermal gradient, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 23 (2009) 45-53.
26
[27] H. L. Dai, H. J. Jiang, L. Yang, Time-dependent behaviors of a FGPM hollow sphere under the coupling of multifields, Solid State Sciences, 14 (2012) 587-597.
27
[28] S.A. Hosseini Kordkheili, R. Naghdabadi, Thermoelastic analysis of a functionally graded rotating disk, Composite Structures, 79 (2007) 508-516.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on the Low-Velocity Impact Response of Sandwich Plates
One method to reduce the damage caused by low-velocity impact in sandwich composites is using nanoparticles as the reinforcement material in the face sheets. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different weights of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes on mechanical properties of face sheets and response of sandwich plates that undergo low-velocity impact through experimental investigations. The face sheets are made of nano-modified EPIKOTE 828 with triethylenetetramine as the curing agent, and a core of polyurethane foam. The functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes are dispersed into the epoxy system in 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5% weight-to-matrix. The low-velocity impact test was performed using a drop tower impact machine, at two different energy levels. The stress-strain, history of contact force, velocity-time, absorbed energy-time and force-deflection are plotted and some parameters such as elastic modulus, tensile strength, bounce time, upward velocity, peak load and maximum deflection are reported. The tensile test results show that with the slight increase in the volume fraction of carbon nanotubes, the elastic modulus and ultimate tensile strength are improved. Also, the minor amount of carbon nanotubes reduce bounce time, residual deformation, and maximum deflection and increase peak load in the sandwich plate. In addition, carbon nanotubes reduce the damaged area.
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3357_38b1dca63d81a9654b76ee0d80600ca3.pdf
2020-03-01
119
126
10.22060/ajme.2019.15312.5771
Nanocomposite
Sandwich composite
Low-velocity impact
Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Damage
Ehsan
Rashidi
e.rashidii@gmail.com
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Saeid
Feli
felisaeid@razi.ac.ir
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] J. Wang, A.M. Waas, H. Wang, Experimental and numerical study on the low-velocity impact behavior of foam-core sandwich panels, Composite Structures, 96 (2013) 298-311.
1
[2] L.S. Schadler, S.C. Giannaris, P.M. Ajayan, Load transfer in carbon nanotube epoxy composites, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS, 73(26) (1998) 3842-3844.
2
[3] Y. Breton, G. Desarmot, J. Salvetat, S. Delpeux, C. Sinturel, F. Beguin, S. Bonnamy, Mechanical properties of multiwall carbon nanotubes/epoxy composites: Influence of network morphology, carbon, 42 (2004) 1027-1030.
3
[4] A. Montazeri, J. Javadpour, A. Khavandi, A. Tcharkhtchi, A. Mohajeri, Mechanical properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube/epoxy composites, Materials and Design, 31 (2010) 4202-4208.
4
[5] J. Zhu, H. Peng, F. Rodriguez‐Macias, J.L. Margrave, V.N. Khabashesku, A.M. Imam, K. Lozano, E.V. Barrera, Reinforcing epoxy polymer composites through covalent integration of functionalized nanotubes, Advanced Functional Materials banner, 14(7) (2004) 643-648.
5
[6] F. Avila, M. Soares, A. Neto, A study on nanostructured laminated plates behaviour under low-velocity impact loadings, journal of impact engineering, 34 (2007) 28-41.
6
[7] A.F. Avila, M.G.R. Carvalho, E.C. Dias, D.T.L.d. Cruz, An investigation on nano-structured sandwich panels damage tolerance, in: 20th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, Gramado, RS, Brazil, 2009.
7
[8] A.F. Avila, M.G.R. Carvalho, E.C. Dias, D.T.L.d. Cruz, Nano-structured sandwich composites response to low-velocity impact, Composite Structures, 92 (2010) 745-751.
8
[9] M.V. Hosur, A.A. Mohammed, S. Zainuddin, S. Jeelani, Impact performance of nanophased foam core sandwich composites, Materials Science and Engineering A, 498 (2008) 100-109.
9
[10] M.V. Hosur, A.A. Mohammed, S. Zainuddin, S. Jeelani, Processing of nanoclay filled sandwich composites and their response to low-velocity impact loading, Composite Structures, 82 (2008) 101-116.
10
[11] M.H. Meybodi, S.S. Samandari, M. Sedighi, An experimental study on low-velocity impact response of nanocomposite beams reinforced with nanoclay, Composite Science and Technology, 13 (2016) 70-78.
11
[12] K. Iqbal, S.U. Khan, A. Munir, J.K. Kim, Impact damage resistance of CFRP with nanoclay-filled epoxy matrix, Composites Science and Technology, 69 (2009) 1949-1957.
12
[13] A. Thiagarajan, K. Palaniradja, N. Alagumurthi, Low velocity impact analysis of nanocomposite laminates, International Journal of Nanoscience, 11(3) (2012) 1240008-1240009.
13
[14] M.V. Hosur, F. Chowdhury, S. Jeelani, Low-velocity impact response and ultrasonic NDE of woven carbon/epoxy nanoclay nanocomposite, Journal of Composite Materials, 41(18) (2007) 2195-2212.
14
[15] A. Taraghi, F. Fereidoon, B. Taheri, Low-velocity impact response of woven Kevlar/epoxy laminated composites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes at ambient and low temperatures, Materials and Design, 53 (2014) 152-158.
15
[16] V. Kostopoulos, A. Baltopoulos, P. Karapappas, A. Vavouliotis, A. Paipetis, Impact and after-impact properties of carbon fibre reinforced composites enhanced with multi-wall carbon nanotubes, composite Science and Technology, 70 (2010) 553-563.
16
[17] E.M. Soliman, M.P. Sheyka, M.R. Taha, Low-velocity impact of thin woven carbon fabric composites incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotubes, international Journal of Impact Engineering, 47 (2012) 39-47.
17
[18] A.E. Moumen, M. Tarfaoui, K. Lafdi, H. Benyahia, Dynamic properties of carbon nanotubes reinforced carbon fibers/ epoxy textile composites under low velocity impact, composite Part B, 125 (2017) 1-8.
18
[19] A.E. Moumen, M. Tarfaoui, O. Hassoon, K. Lafdi, H. Benyahia, M. Nachtane, Experimental study and numerical modelling of low velocity impact on laminated composite reinforced with thin film made of carbon nanotubes, Applied Composite Materials, 25(2) (2018) 309-320.
19
[20] M.A. Bhuiyan, M. Hosur, S. Jeelani, Low-velocity impact response of sandwich composites with nanophased foam core and biaxial (±450) braided face sheets, composite Part B, 40 (2009) 561-571.
20
[21] K.R. Ramakrishnan, S. Guérard, P. Viot, K. Shankar, Effect of block copolymer nano-reinforcements on the low velocity impact response of sandwich structures, composite Structures, 110 (2014) 174-182.
21
[22] I. Taraghi, A. Fereidoon, Non-destructive evaluation of damage modes in nanocomposite foam-core sandwich panel subjected to low-velocity impact, Composite Part B, 103 (2016) 51-59.
22
[23] S. Feli, M.M. Jalilian, Three Dimensional Solution of Low Velocity Impact on Sandwich Panels with Hybrid Nanocomposite Face sheets, Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 25 (2018) 579-591.
23
[24] S.J. Salami, Low velocity impact response of sandwich beams with soft cores and carbon nanotube reinforced face sheets based on Extended High Order Sandwich Panel Theory, Aerospace Science and Technology, 66 (2017) 165-176.
24
[25] M. Ahmadi, R. Ansari, M.K. Hassanzadeh-Aghdam, Low velocity impact analysis of beams made of short carbon fiber/carbon nanotube-polymer composite: A hierarchical finite element approach, Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 0 (2018) 1-11.
25
[26] M.N. Disfani, S.H. Jafani, Assessment of intertube interactions in diferent functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes incorporated in a phenoxy resin, Polymer Engineering Science, 53 (2013) 168-175.
26
[27] D. Ratna, S.B. Jagtap, R. Rathor, R.K. Kushwaha, N. Shimpi, S.N. Mishra, A comparative studies on dispersion of multiwall carbon nanotubes in poli (ethylene oxide) matrix using dicarboxylic acid and amino acid based modifiers, Polymer Composte, 34(6) (2013) 1003-1011.
27
[28] S. Wang, R. Liang, B. Wang, C. Zhang, Epoxide-terminated carbon nanotubes, carbon, 45(15) (2007) 3042-3059.
28
[29] J. Qiu, S. Wang, Reaction kinetics of functionalized carbon nanotubes reinforced polymer composites, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 121(1-2) (2010) 295-301.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Stator Dynamics on the Chaotic Behavior of Rotor-Disk-Bearing System under Rub-Impact between Disk and Stator
In the present study, the effect of stator dynamics on the chaotic behavior of a rotor-diskbearing system with rub-impact between disk and stator is investigated. The governing equations of motion are derived using Jeffcott model and Newton’s second law and then are made dimensionless. In the beginning, the system is modeled regardless of stator dynamics, and then the stator dynamics is also considered in the modeling of the system. In both cases, the system behavior is studied by bifurcation diagrams, time series diagrams, phase plane diagrams, power spectrum diagrams, Poincaré maps, and maximum Lyapunov exponent, respectively. The obtained results show that the type of stator dynamics modeling has a significant effect on the prediction of the response of a disk-bearing system with rubimpact between disk and stator. In other words, the results show the system has a chaotic behavior without considering the dynamics of the stator in mathematical modeling, while in the case of considering the stator dynamics and using the suitable values for the stator stiffness, the motion behavior of the system can be changed from the chaotic to the regular and periodic motion.
https://ajme.aut.ac.ir/article_3417_71d49f5931fa5967bba9fdf1ca33da3f.pdf
2020-03-01
127
148
10.22060/ajme.2019.14979.5754
Rotor-disk-bearing
stator dynamics
rub-impact
chaotic behavior
Abbas
Rahi
a_rahi@sbu.ac.ir
1
Faculty of Mechanical & Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ahmad
Haghani
ahaghani70@gmail.com
2
Faculty of Mechanical & Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University
AUTHOR
Pedram
Safarpour
p_safarpour@sbu.ac.ir
3
Faculty of Mechanical & Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University
AUTHOR
[1] A. Muszynska, Rotordynamics, CRC press, 2005.
1
[2] H. Khanlo, M. Ghayour, S. Ziaei-Rad, Chaotic vibration analysis of rotating, flexible, continuous shaft-disk system with a rub-impact between the disk and the stator, Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, 16(1) (2011) 566-582.
2
[3] H. Khanlo, M. Ghayour, S. Ziaei-Rad, The effects of lateral–torsional coupling on the nonlinear dynamic behavior of a rotating continuous flexible shaft–disk system with rub–impact, Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, 18(6) (2013) 1524- 1538.
3
[4] Y.S. Choi, On the contact of partial rotor rub with experimental observations, KSME international journal, 15(12) (2001) 1630-1638.
4
[5] F. Chu, W. Lu, Stiffening effect of the rotor during the rotor-to-stator rub in a rotating machine, Journal of Sound and vibration, 308(3-5) (2007) 758-766.
5
[6] X. Shen, J. Jia, M. Zhao, Nonlinear analysis of a rubimpact rotor-bearing system with initial permanent rotor bow, Archive of Applied Mechanics, 78(3) (2008) 225- 240.
6
[7] L. Xiang, A. Hu, L. Hou, Y. Xiong, J. Xing, Nonlinear coupled dynamics of an asymmetric double-disc rotorbearing system under rub-impact and oil-film forces, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 40(7-8) (2016) 4505- 4523.
7
[8] F. Choy, J. Padovan, Non-linear transient analysis of rotor-casing rub events, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 113(3) (1987) 529-545.
8
[9] A.R. Bartha, Dry friction backward whirl of rotors, ETH Zurich, 2000.
9
[10] W.M. Zhang, G. Meng, Stability, bifurcation and chaos of a high-speed rub-impact rotor system in MEMS, Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 127(1) (2006) 163- 178.
10
[11] S. Roques, M. Legrand, P. Cartraud, C. Stoisser, C. Pierre, Modeling of a rotor speed transient response with radial rubbing, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 329(5) (2010) 527-546.
11
[12] J. Yu, P. Goldman, D. Bently, A. Muzynska, Rotor/seal experimental and analytical study on full annular rub, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 124(2) (2002) 340-350.
12
[13] E.E. Pavlovskaia, E. Karpenko, M. Wiercigroch, Nonlinear dynamic interactions of a Jeffcott rotor with preloaded snubber ring, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 276(1-2) (2004) 361-379.
13
[14] Z. Feng, X.Z. Zhang, Rubbing phenomena in rotor– stator contact, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 14(2) (2002) 257-267.
14
[15] L. Hall, D. Mba, Diagnosis of continuous rotor–stator rubbing in large scale turbine units using acoustic emissions, Ultrasonics, 41(9) (2004) 765-773.
15
[16] H. Ma, Q. Zhao, X. Zhao, Q. Han, B. Wen, Dynamic characteristics analysis of a rotor–stator system under different rubbing forms, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 39(8) (2015) 2392-2408.
16
[17] C.W. Chang-Jian, C.K. Chen, Non-linear dynamic analysis of rub-impact rotor supported by turbulent journal bearings with non-linear suspension, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 50(6) (2008) 1090-1113.
17
[18] J.D. Jeng, L. Hsu, C.-W. Hun, C.-Y. Chou, Identification for bifurcation and responses of rub-impacting rotor system, Procedia Engineering, 79 (2014) 369-377.
18
[19] A. Hu, L. Hou, L. Xiang, Dynamic simulation and experimental study of an asymmetric double-disk rotorbearing system with rub-impact and oil-film instability, Nonlinear Dynamics, 84(2) (2016) 641-659.
19
[20] L. Xiang, X. Gao, A. Hu, Nonlinear dynamics of an asymmetric rotor-bearing system with coupling faults of crack and rub-impact under oil-film forces, Nonlinear Dynamics, 86(2) (2016) 1057-1067.
20
[21] L. Chen, Z. Qin, F. Chu, Dynamic characteristics of rub-impact on rotor system with cylindrical shell, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 133 (2017) 51-64.
21
[22] E. Tofighi-Niaki, P. Asgharifard-Sharabiani, H. Ahmadian, Nonlinear dynamics of a flexible rotor on tilting pad journal bearings experiencing rub–impact, Nonlinear Dynamics, 94(4) (2018) 2937-2956.
22
[23] K. Prabith, I.P. Krishna, A Modified Model Reduction Technique for the Dynamic Analysis of Rotor-Stator Rub, in: International Conference on Rotor Dynamics, Springer, 2018, pp. 400-411.
23
[24] L. Hou, H. Chen, Y. Chen, K. Lu, Z. Liu, Bifurcation and stability analysis of a nonlinear rotor system subjected to constant excitation and rub-impact, Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 125 (2019) 65-78.
24
[25] R.V. Moreira, A. Paiva, The Influence of Friction in Rotor-Stator Contact Nonlinear Dynamics, in: International Conference on Rotor Dynamics, Springer, 2018, pp. 428-441.
25
[26] J. Hong, P. Yu, D. Zhang, Y. Ma, Nonlinear dynamic analysis using the complex nonlinear modes for a rotor system with an additional constraint due to rub-impact, Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 116 (2019) 443-461.
26